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Introduction The Grubbs test is a statistical hypothesis testing method to detect outliers in a dataset. Outliers are the observations that disburse the data distribution and are also known as anomalies. The dataset with outliers tends to overfit more than data with a Normal/Gaussian distribution. Hence, it is necessary to tackle the outliers before Machine Learning modeling. Before handling, we must detect and locate the outliers in the dataset. The most popular outliers detection techniques are QQPlot, Inter-Quartile range, and Grubbs statistical test. However, this article will discuss only the Grubbs test to detect the outliers. You will learn: what ... Read More
Statisticians use F-test to check whether the two datasets have the same variance or not. F-test is named after Sir Ronald Fisher. To use the F-Test, we make two hypotheses, a null hypothesis, and one alternate hypothesis. Then we select any of these two hypotheses approved by the F-Test. Variance is a data distribution metric to tell the data deviation from the mean. The higher values show more dispersion than the smaller values. In this article, you will learn how to perform an F-Test in Python programming Language with its use cases. F -Test Process The process to perform the ... Read More
Introduction Data Scientists often use statistical methods for hypothesis testing to gain insights from the datasets. While there are multiple statistical methods available, this article will discuss the Chi-Square Goodness of fit test with its implementation in Python. The Chi-Square test validates the observed distribution of categorical variables to the expected distribution. It tells us if the available event values differ from the expected values. Chi-Square Test You can perform the Chi-Square test to verify the dataset distribution for observed events. The Chi-Square test makes some assumptions which are as follows − Variables are independent. Only one categorical feature ... Read More
The Brown-Forsythe test is a statistical test used to determine whether the variances of two or more groups are equal. While Levene's test uses the absolute deviations from the mean, the Brown-Forsythe test uses the deviations from the median. The null hypothesis used in the test is as follows − H0: The variance of the groups (populations) is equal The alternative hypothesis is that the variances are not equal − H1: The variance of the groups (populations) is not equal To perform the test, we calculate each group's median and the absolute deviations from the median. Then we calculate the ... Read More
Traditional marketing refers to any type of marketing that existed before the advent of the internet and digital technologies. This includes advertising through print media such as newspapers, magazines, billboards, and flyers, as well as broadcast media like television and radio commercials. Traditional marketing also includes direct mail, telemarketing, and event sponsorships or promotions. The goal of traditional marketing is to reach a large audience through mass media channels and persuade them to purchase a product or service. While traditional marketing can be effective, it can also be costly and difficult to measure the return on investment (ROI). About ... Read More
The need for social media and digital marketing has grown exponentially in recent years as more and more consumers turn to digital channels to research products and make purchasing decisions. With the rise of social media platforms and the increasing use of digital devices, businesses need to adapt their marketing strategies to stay relevant and reach their target audience. Social media and digital marketing offer businesses the ability to connect with customers in a highly targeted way. They allow businesses to gather data on customer behavior, preferences, and interests, which can be used to create personalized marketing campaigns. These campaigns ... Read More
In today's fast-paced world, where people are more inclined towards technology, digital marketing has emerged as a crucial tool for branding. With the increase in the usage of the internet, businesses are shifting their focus towards online platforms to promote their products and services. Digital marketing has proven to be a game-changer in the field of branding. In this article, we will discuss what is branding and why digital marketing is essential for branding, and how companies have successfully done branding of their products using the digital arena. Definition of Branding − By building and defining a brand in consumers' ... Read More
Veeam Backup for Office 365 is a powerful tool that can help you protect your organization's valuable data stored in Microsoft Office 365. With Veeam Backup for Office 365, you can easily back up and restore your email, OneDrive, and SharePoint data, ensuring that you never lose important information. In this article, we will show you how to install and configure Veeam Backup for Office 365 in a few simple steps. Before we begin, let's make sure you have necessary prerequisites. You will need a Windows-based computer with a 64-bit version of Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 or later, and latest ... Read More
If you're looking to enable OpenSSH on CentOS 7, you've come to the right place. In this article, we'll take a look at the steps you need to follow to install and enable OpenSSH on your CentOS 7 machine. We'll also take a look at some of the benefits of using OpenSSH and how to configure it to suit your needs. What is OpenSSH? OpenSSH is a secure shell protocol used to establish a secure connection between two computers over a network. It's an open-source version of the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol, which is widely used to provide secure remote ... Read More
Varnish is an HTTP accelerator that improves the performance of web applications by caching frequently requested content in memory. It is a powerful tool that can speed up your website and reduce server load by serving cached content directly to users instead of processing requests every time they visit. In this article, we'll take a look at how to install Varnish and perform load testing using Apache Benchmark. Prerequisites Before we begin, make sure you have the following software installed on your server − Apache web server Varnish Apache Benchmark (ab) If you don't have these installed, you ... Read More