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Matrix is a popular data representation technique in mathematics, machine modeling, etc. They are designed to deal with linear functions. Matrix initialization is a process to fill up the elements (rows and columns) of the matrix with either random or some predetermined values. After initialization there should be no undefined entries in the matrix. Initializing the matrix is one of the essential tasks in several fields, like competitive programming, machine and deep learning algorithms. In this article, we will learn how to initialize the matrix using various methods like loops, Numpy arrays, etc. We would also explore different types of ... Read More
PDFMergerUtility class is used for merging multiple PDF documents into a single PDF document. PDFMergerUtility class will take a number of PDF files and merge them, and save the result as a new document. To merge PDFs using java will require the installation of apache library. There may be different approches to merge PDF files using java. Definition: Merging PDFs using java Example Input − PDF1 = Alice.pdf, PDF2 = Bob.pdf Output − newMerged.pdf // merged pdf of pdf1 and pdf2 Program code// Merging two pdf documents here import org.apache.pdfbox.multipdf.PDFMergerUtility; import org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.PDDocument; import java.io.File; ... Read More
In computer science we define decimal numbers to be the numbers which utilize base10 notations. For example 12, 4, 5.7, 99 are decimal numbers because they utilize base 10 notation. We can define the length of a decimal number as the number of digits present in the decimal number. More precisely, the number of significant figures present in the decimal number includes both digits after and before the decimal parts. This article will explore several methods to find the k−length decimal places like the round method, String formatting, Global precisions, etc. Using round Method One of the ... Read More
Consecutive characters are those characters that appear one after the other. k length consecutive characters mean the same character appearing k times consecutively. In this article, we will adopt several methods to achieve it. We will start with brute force by using loop statements. Next, we will perform the same using regular expressions, sliding window techniques, etc. A sliding window is a better and optimized way to find the k-length consecutive characters. Numpy Library also offers us methods to adopt similar techniques. Using the Brute Force Method Brute force is a simple algorithm that we can think about without ... Read More
K length combinations from given characters mean the combinations of characters that we can create with the given characters, which are exactly of length k. In this article, we will explore several methods to achieve this, like recursion, map and lambda function, itertools library, etc. While recursion and lambda functions are custom functions, the itertools provide the in-built method to generate the combinations. Using Recursion Recursion is one of the traditional programming techniques. In this technique, we try to break a large problem into smaller chunks of problems, and our motive is to solve the smaller problems to solve ... Read More
Understanding function signatures in Python is essential for unraveling the inner workings of functions. The inspect module offers a range of methods to retrieve signatures, allowing you to analyze parameters, access data types, and determine default values. By exploring these techniques, you can gain valuable insights that enhance code readability, maintainability, and documentation. So, dive into the world of function signatures and unlock a deeper understanding of your Python code. Using inspect Method The inspect method provides a powerful way to retrieve the function signatures. This method enables us to access detailed information about a function's parameters, data types, default ... Read More
The Tuple is one of the most important data types in Python. They are exclusively used as the data structures to pass sequential data as the parameters of any method. Indexing refers to accessing the elements of the sequential data through the index. In this article, we will learn how to get an even index in elements of Tuple. Use The List And range Expression. The mutable lists sequences of data separated by ", " and enclosed by "[ ]". Python allows the conversion between the lists and the Tuples through the in-built methods. We can traverse the lists and ... Read More
Strings are important data types in Python. Strings can be defined as the sequence of characters. Replacing the kth word in a String is an operation in which we want to replace the word which appears kth times in a String. In this article we will follow several methods to achieve it. We would look into the brute force method like using the loop statement, modules and libraries like re etc. Using Loop and split Method Loops are very common statements in most of the modern programming languages. We can either use the for or while loop to iterate over ... Read More
Cryptography is the study and practice of different techniques to secure communication from third party. It is used for cyber security. We try to develop approaches and practices for protecting sensitive data. The sole objective of cryptography is to secure data from the attacker. Asymmetric Encryption is also referred as public/private key. Private key as goes as its name, it will be private while the public key can be distributed. Encryption is a mathematical correlation between two keys, one for encryption and the other for decryption. For example, if there are two keys “A1” and “A2”, then if key “A1” ... Read More
The operating system runs with hundreds of tasks/process at a single time. As a Python developer, this is important because often while dealing with programs that consume huge amounts of memory, we may want to delete some unimportant tasks. This article will explore how to get the running process list using Python. Using psutil Module The psutil module is a powerful cross−platform library for system monitoring and process management in Python. It provides a convenient and consistent API to access system−related information, such as CPU usage, memory utilization, disk usage, network statistics, etc. Being cross−platform, the same code applies to ... Read More