# Different types of operators in C++

C++Server Side ProgrammingProgramming

There are many types of operators in C++. These can be broadly categorized as: arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, assignment and other operators.

## Arithmetic Operators

Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then −

 Operator Description + Adds two operands. A + B will give 30 - Subtracts second operand from the first. A - B will give -10 * Multiplies both operands. A * B will give 200 / Divides numerator by de-numerator. B / A will give 2 % Modulus Operator and remainder of after an integer division. B % A will give 0 ++ Increment operator, increases integer value by one. A++ will give 11 -- Decrement operator, decreases integer value by one. A-- will give 9

## Relational Operators

Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then −

 Operator Description == Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if yes then condition becomes true.      (A == B) is not true. != Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if values are not equal then condition becomes true.(A != B) is true. > Checks if the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.(A > B) is not true. < Checks if the value of left operand is less than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.(A < B) is true. >= Checks if the value of left operand is greater than or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.(A >= B) is not true. <= Checks if the value of left operand is less than or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.(A <= B) is true.

## Logical Operators

Assume variable A holds 1 and variable B holds 0, then −

 Operator Description && Called Logical AND operator. If both the operands are non-zero, then condition becomes true.(A && B) is false. || Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two operands is non-zero, then condition becomes true.(A || B) is true. ! Called Logical NOT Operator. Use to reverses the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true, then Logical NOT operator will make false.!(A && B) is true.

## Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operator works on bits and perform bit-by-bit operation. The truth tables for &, |, and ^ are as follows.

pqp & qp | qp ^ q
00000
01011
11110
10011

Assume if A = 60; and B = 13; now in binary format, they will be as follows −

A = 0011 1100
B = 0000 1101
-----------------
A&B = 0000 1100
A|B = 0011 1101
A^B = 0011 0001
~A  = 1100 0011

 Operator Description & Binary AND Operator copies a bit to the result if it exists in both operands.(A & B) will give 12 which is 0000 1100 | Binary OR Operator copies a bit if it exists in either operand.(A | B) will give 61 which is 0011 1101 ^ Binary XOR Operator copies the bit if it is set in one operand but not both.(A ^ B) will give 49 which is 0011 0001 ~ Binary Ones Complement Operator is unary and has the effect of 'flipping' bits.(~A ) will give -61 which is 1100 0011 in 2's complement form due to a signed binary number. << Binary Left Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved left by the number of bits specified by the right operand.A << 2 will give 240 which is 1111 0000 >> Binary Right Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved right by the number of bits specified by the right operand.A >> 2 will give 15 which is 0000 1111

## Assignment Operators

 Operator Description = Simple assignment operator, Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand.C = A + B will assign value of A + B into C += Add AND assignment operator, It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand.C += A is equivalent to C = C + A -= Subtract AND assignment operator, It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand.C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A *= Multiply AND assignment operator, It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand.C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A /= Divide AND assignment operator, It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand.C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A %= Modulus AND assignment operator, It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand.C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A <<= Left shift AND assignment operator.C <<= 2 is same as C = C << 2 >>= Right shift AND assignment operator.C >>= 2 is same as C = C >> 2 &= Bitwise AND assignment operator.C &= 2 is same as C = C & 2 ^= Bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator.C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^ 2 |= Bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator.C |= 2 is same as C = C | 2

## Misc Operators

 Sr.No Operator 1 sizeof operator returns the size of a variable. For example, sizeof(a), where ‘a’ is integer, and will return 4. 2 Conditional operator (?:) If Condition is true then it returns value of X otherwise returns value of Y. 3 Comma operator causes a sequence of operations to be performed. The value of the entire comma expression is the value of the last expression of the comma-separated list. 4 (dot) and → (arrow) Member operators are used to reference individual members of classes, structures, and unions. 5 () - Casting operators convert one data type to another. For example, int(2.2000) would return 2. 6 Pointer operator & returns the address of a variable. For example &a; will give the actual address of the variable. 7 Pointer operator * is pointer to a variable. For example *var; will pointer to a variable var.

Published on 15-Feb-2018 12:51:45