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POSIX Function strftime() in Perl
You can use the POSIX function strftime() in Perl to format the date and time with the help of the following table. Please note that the specifiers marked with an asterisk (*) are locale-dependent.
| Specifier | Replaced by | Example |
|---|---|---|
| %a | Abbreviated weekday name * | Thu |
| %A | Full weekday name * | Thursday |
| %b | Abbreviated month name * | Aug |
| %B | Full month name * | August |
| %c | Date and time representation * | Thu Aug 23 14:55:02 2001 |
| %C | A year divided by 100 and truncated to integer (00-99) | 20 |
| %d | Day of the month, zero-padded (01-31) | 23 |
| %D | Short MM/DD/YY date, equivalent to %m/%d/%y | 08/23/01 |
| %e | Day of the month, space-padded ( 1-31) | 23 |
| %F | Short YYYY-MM-DD date, equivalent to %Y-%m-%d | 2001-08-23 |
| %g | Week-based year, last two digits (00-99) | 01 |
| %G | Week-based year | 2001 |
| %h | Abbreviated month name * (same as %b) | Aug |
| %H | An hour in 24h format (00-23) | 14 |
| %I | An hour in 12h format (01-12) | 02 |
| %j | Day of the year (001-366) | 235 |
| %m | Month as a decimal number (01-12) | 08 |
| %M | Minute (00-59) | 55 |
| %n | New-line character ('\n') | |
| %p | AM or PM designation | PM |
| %r | 12-hour clock time * | 02:55:02 pm |
| %R | 24-hour HH: MM time, equivalent to %H:%M | 14:55 |
| %S | The second (00-61) | 02 |
| %t | Horizontal-tab character ('\t') | |
| %T | ISO 8601 time format (HH:MM: SS), equivalent to %H:%M:%S | 14:55 |
| %u | ISO 8601 weekday as a number with Monday as 1 (1-7) | 4 |
| %U | Week number with the first Sunday as the first day of week one (00-53) | 33 |
| %V | ISO 8601 week number (00-53) | 34 |
| %w | Weekday as a decimal number with Sunday as 0 (0-6) | 4 |
| %W | Week number with the first Monday as the first day of week one (00-53) | 34 |
| %x | Date representation * | 08/23/01 |
| %X | Time representation * | 14:55:02 |
| %y | Year, last two digits (00-99) | 01 |
| %Y | Year | 2001 |
| %z | ISO 8601 offset from UTC in timezone (1 minute = 1, 1 hour = 100) If timezone cannot be terminated, no characters | +100 |
| %Z | Timezone name or abbreviation * If timezone cannot be terminated, no characters | CDT |
| %% | A % sign | % |
Let's check the following example to understand the usage −
Example
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
use POSIX qw(strftime);
$datestring = strftime "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y", localtime;
printf("date and time - $datestring\n");
# or for GMT formatted appropriately for your locale:
$datestring = strftime "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y", gmtime;
printf("date and time - $datestring\n");Output
When the above code is executed, it produces the following result −
date and time - Sat Feb 16 07:10:23 2013 date and time - Sat Feb 16 14:10:23 2013
Updated on: 29-Nov-2019
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