MongoDB syntax for updating an object inside an array within a document?

For this, use findOneAndUpdate() in MongoDB. The findOneAndUpdate() method updates a single document based on the filter and sort criteria.

Let us create a collection with documents −

> db.demo553.insertOne(
... {
...    id:101,
...    "Name":"John",
...    midExamDetails:
...    [
...       {"SubjectName":"MySQL","Marks":70},
...       {"SubjectName":"MongoDB","Marks":35}
...    ]
... }
... );
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5e8e3da19e5f92834d7f05ed")
}

Display all documents from a collection with the help of find() method −

> db.demo553.find();

This will produce the following output −

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e8e3da19e5f92834d7f05ed"), "id" : 101, "Name" : "John", "midExamDetails" : [
   { "SubjectName" : "MySQL", "Marks" : 70 },
   { "SubjectName" : "MongoDB", "Marks" : 35 } 
] }

Following is the query to the syntax for updating an object inside an array within a MongoDB document −

> db.demo553.findOneAndUpdate(
...    { id:101,
...       "midExamDetails.SubjectName":"MongoDB"
...    },
...    { $set:{
...       'midExamDetails.$.Marks': 97
...    }
... }
... );
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5e8e3da19e5f92834d7f05ed"),
   "id" : 101,
   "Name" : "John",
   "midExamDetails" : [
      {
         "SubjectName" : "MySQL",
         "Marks" : 70
      },
      {
         "SubjectName" : "MongoDB",
         "Marks" : 35
      }
   ]
}

Display all documents from a collection with the help of find() method −

> db.demo553.find().pretty();

This will produce the following output −

{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5e8e3da19e5f92834d7f05ed"),
   "id" : 101,
   "Name" : "John",
   "midExamDetails" : [
      {
         "SubjectName" : "MySQL",
         "Marks" : 70
      },
      {
         "SubjectName" : "MongoDB",
         "Marks" : 97
      }
   ]
}