How to search document in MongoDB by _id

To search a document in MongoDB by _id, you need to call ObjectId(). Let us first see the syntax

db.yourCollectionName.find({"_id":ObjectId("yourId")}).pretty();

To understand the concept and search a document, let us implement the following query to create a collection with documents

> db.searchDocumentDemo.insertOne({"UserId":1,"UserName":"Larry"});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c97a8e4330fd0aa0d2fe487")
}
> db.searchDocumentDemo.insertOne({"UserId":2,"UserName":"Mike"});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c97a8ea330fd0aa0d2fe488")
}
> db.searchDocumentDemo.insertOne({"UserId":3,"UserName":"David"});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c97a8f1330fd0aa0d2fe489")
}
> db.searchDocumentDemo.insertOne({"UserId":4,"UserName":"Chris"});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c97a8fa330fd0aa0d2fe48a")
}
> db.searchDocumentDemo.insertOne({"UserId":5,"UserName":"Robert"});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c97a901330fd0aa0d2fe48b")
}
> db.searchDocumentDemo.insertOne({"UserId":6,"UserName":"Sam"});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c97a911330fd0aa0d2fe48c")
}

Following is the query to display all the documents from a collection with the help of find() method

> db.searchDocumentDemo.find().pretty();
This will produce the following output:
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c97a8e4330fd0aa0d2fe487"),
   "UserId" : 1,
   "UserName" : "Larry"
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c97a8ea330fd0aa0d2fe488"),
   "UserId" : 2,
   "UserName" : "Mike"
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c97a8f1330fd0aa0d2fe489"),
   "UserId" : 3,
   "UserName" : "David"
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c97a8fa330fd0aa0d2fe48a"),
   "UserId" : 4,
   "UserName" : "Chris"
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c97a901330fd0aa0d2fe48b"),
   "UserId" : 5,
   "UserName" : "Robert"
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c97a911330fd0aa0d2fe48c"),
   "UserId" : 6,
   "UserName" : "Sam"
}

Following is the query to search a document in MongoDB by _id. We called the ObjectId() to display the result:

> db.searchDocumentDemo.find({"_id":ObjectId("5c97a901330fd0aa0d2fe48b")}).pretty();

This will produce the following output:

{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c97a901330fd0aa0d2fe48b"),
   "UserId" : 5,
   "UserName" : "Robert"
}