How to calculate transpose of a matrix using C program?

Transpose of a matrix

The transpose of a matrix is the one whose rows are columns of the original matrix, i.e. if A and B are two matrices such that the rows of the matrix B are the columns of the matrix A then Matrix B is said to be the transpose of Matrix A.

The logic used to change m(i,j) matrix to m(j,i) is as follows −

for (i = 0;i < m;i++)
   for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
      transpose[j][i] = matrix[i][j];

Program 1

In this example, we shall print the transpose of a matrix using for loop.

 Live Demo

#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
   int m, n, i, j, matrix[10][10], transpose[10][10];
   printf("Enter rows and columns :
");
   scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
   printf("Enter elements of the matrix
");
   for (i= 0; i < m; i++)
      for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
         scanf("%d", &matrix[i][j]);
   for (i = 0;i < m;i++)
      for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
         transpose[j][i] = matrix[i][j];
   printf("Transpose of the matrix:
");
   for (i = 0; i< n; i++) {
      for (j = 0; j < m; j++)
         printf("%d\t", transpose[i][j]);
      printf("
");
   }
   return 0;
}

Output

Enter rows and columns :
2 3
Enter elements of the matrix
1 2 3
2 4 5
Transpose of the matrix:
1    2
2    4
3    5

Program 2

 Live Demo

#include<stdio.h>
#define ROW 2
#define COL 5
int main(){
   int i, j, mat[ROW][COL], trans[COL][ROW];
   printf("Enter matrix: 
");
   // input matrix
   for(i = 0; i < ROW; i++){
      for(j = 0; j < COL; j++){
         scanf("%d", &mat[i][j]);
      }
   }
   // create transpose
   for(i = 0; i < ROW; i++){
      for(j = 0; j < COL; j++){
         trans[j][i] = mat[i][j];
      }
   }
   printf("
Transpose matrix: 
");
   // print transpose
   for(i = 0; i < COL; i++){
      for(j = 0; j < ROW; j++){
         printf("%d ", trans[i][j]);
      }
      printf("
");
   }
   return 0;
}

Output

Enter matrix:
1 2 3 4 5
5 4 3 2 1

Transpose matrix:
1 5
2 4
3 3
4 2
5 1