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Difference between RIP and OSPF
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
The Routing Information Protocol (RIP), which uses the hop count as a routing measure, is one of the oldest distance-vector routing technologies. RIP eliminates routing loops by restricting the number of hops permitted in a path from source to destination.
RIP permits a maximum of 15 hops, which limits the size of networks that can be supported by the protocol.
It also employs split horizon, route poisoning, and hold-down techniques to restrict the spread of incorrect routing information.
RIP is not the preferred routing protocol in most networking setups since its time to converge, and scalability is inferior to EIGRP; nonetheless, it is simple to configure because it does not require any parameters.
Features of RIP
Following are some of the important features of RIP −
Updates of the network are exchanged periodically; in updates, full routing tables are sent.
Routers always trust the routing information received from the neighboring routers. This is also known as rumor routing. There are three versions of RIP; RIP V1, RIP V2, and RIPng.
Hop Count is the statistic used by RIP to rate the value of different routes. RIP is inadequate for big networks because of its restricted metric range.
This algorithm finds the shortest path between the source and the destination, allowing data to be sent at high speeds in the smallest amount of time. RIP also adds several enhancements to this basic algorithm to increase routing database stability and eliminate routing loops.
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
OSPF is an Internet Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) that distributes IP routing information in an IP network over a single Autonomous System (AS).
OSPF is a link-state routing protocol, which means that routers exchange topological information with their closest neighbors.
OSPF is one of the several Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) designated by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), which are protocols aimed at the traffic moving around within a more extensive autonomous system network, such as a single enterprise's network, which may be made up of many separate local area networks linked through routers.
The OSPF routing system has essentially replaced the older Routing Information Protocol (RIP) in business networks. When an OSPF router learns of a routing table modification or detects a change in the network, it multicasts the information to all other OSPF hosts in the network, ensuring that everyone gets the same routing table information.
Unlike RIP, which needs routers to broadcast the whole routing table to neighbors every 30 seconds, OSPF only sends the parts of the routing table that have changed and only when a change has occurred.
OSPF routers establish a new path between endpoints with no loops (which is called "open") that minimizes the length of the path when routes change — sometimes due to equipment failure. It is known as the convergence time.
Difference between RIP and OSPF
The following table highlights the major differences between RIP and OSPF −
| RIP | OSPF |
|---|---|
| RIP stands for Routing Information Protocol. | OSPF stands for Open Shortest Path First. |
| Works on Bellman-Ford algorithm. | Works on Dijkstar algorithm. |
| It's a Distance Vector protocol that determines the transmission path based on the distance or hops count. | It is a link-state protocol that determines the shortest path by analyzing many factors such as speed, cost, and path congestion. |
| RIP permits a maximum of 15 hops. | No such limit on hops |
| The metric is calculated in terms of Hop Count. | The metric is calculated in terms of bandwidth. |
| The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is used by RIP. | OSPF is a protocol that works with IP (Internet Protocol). |
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