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Difference between BeforeTest and BeforeMethod in TestNG
A TestNG class can have various TestNG methods. Such as: @BeforeTest @AfterTest @BeforeSuite @BeforeClass @BeforeMethod @test etc.
As per execution order, @BeforeTest executes first and after that @BeforeMethod does.
However, if there are multiple TestNG Tests inside a class, the behaviour of these methods is noticeable as @BeforeTest runs only once before the 1st @Test method runs but @BeforeMethod runs each time prior to the run of each @Test.
@BeforeTest: This method will execute only once in entire execution before calling of 1st @Test method. It doesn’t matter how many @Test tag is present or how many classes are there having @Test tags, or multiple classes have multiple test tags. Based on testing.xml file, once the execution starts, @BeforeTest method executes only once before the execution of 1st @Test method and @BeforeClass as well as @BeforeMethod if present.
@BeforeMethod: This method will execute one time per @Test i.e., the number of executions of @BeforeMethod = No. of @Test method to execute. As per testing.xml if 10 @Test is supposed to execute then @BeforeMethod will execute each time before each @Test starts running.
Key points in these differences are
@BeforeTest method executes only once before 1st @Test method.
@BeforeMethod executes before each @Test method.
If there are separate @BeforeTest and @BeforeMethod methods in different classes, then all @BeforeTest methods will execute 1st but @BeforeMethod methods will be executing as per respective class and their @Test methods.
If all test classes extend common @BeforeTest and @BeforeMethod methods present in a separate class, @BeforeTest will execute only once however same @BeforeMethod method will execute before each @Test.
Scenario 1
When there are 2 TestNG classes and each class is having 2 @Test tags. Each class extends common class having @BeforeTest and @BeforeMethod inside it. In this scenario, @BeforeTest will execute only once however same @BeforeMethod will execute 2*2 times, each time before each @Test.
Approach/Algorithm to solve this problem
Step 1 − Create a common TestNG class − beforemethods and write @BeforeTest and @BeforeMethod methods.
Step 2 − Create 2 TestNG classes and each class extends common class (beforemethods) − OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG and NewTestngClass
Step 3 − Write 2 different @Test method in each of these 2 classes − OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG and NewTestngClass.
Step 4 − Now create the testNG.xml as given below to run 2 TestNG classes other than common class.
Step 5 − Now, run the testNG.xml or directly testNG class in IDE or compile and run it using command line.
Example
The following code for common TestNG class − beforemethods.
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
public class beforemethods {
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("in beforeMethod");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("in beforeTest");
}
}
The following code for TestNG class − OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG −
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG extends beforemethods {
// test case 1
@Test
public void testCase1() {
System.out.println("in test case 1 of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG");
}
// test case 2
@Test
public void testCase2() {
System.out.println("in test case 2 of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG");
}
}
The following code for common TestNG class − NewTestngClass −
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class NewTestngClass extends beforemethods{
@Test
public void testCase1() {
System.out.println("in test case 1 of NewTestngClass");
}
@Test
public void testCase2() {
System.out.println("in test case 2 of NewTestngClass");
}
}
testng.xml
This is a configuration file that is used to organize and run the TestNG test cases.
It is very handy when limited tests are needed to execute rather than full suite.
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name = "Suite1">
<test name = "test1">
<classes>
<class name = "OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG"/>
<class name = "NewTestngClass"/>
</classes>
</test>
</suite>
Output
in beforeTest in beforeMethod in test case 1 of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG in beforeMethod in test case 2 of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG in beforeMethod in test case 1 of NewTestngClass in beforeMethod in test case 2 of NewTestngClass =============================================== Suite1 Total tests run: 4, Passes: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0 ===============================================
Scenario 2
When there are 2 TestNG classes and each class is having 2 @Test tags and separate @BeforeTest as well as @BeforeMethod. In this scenario, all @BeforeTest methods will execute 1st but @BeforeMethod will be executing as per respective classes and @Test.
Approach/Algorithm to solve this problem
Step 1 − Create 2 TestNG classes − OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG and NewTestngClass
Step 2 − Write 2 different @Test method in each of these 2 classes − OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG and NewTestngClass.
Step 3 − Write different @BeforeTest method in each of these 2 classes − OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG and NewTestngClass.
Step 4 − Write different @BeforeMethod in each of these 2 classes − OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG and NewTestngClass.
Step 5 − Now create the testNG.xml as given below to run 2 TestNG classes
Step 6 − Now, run the testNG.xml or directly testNG class in IDE or compile and run it using command line.
Example
The following code for TestNG class − OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG.
import org.testng.annotations.*;
public class OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG {
// test case 1
@Test
public void testCase1() {
System.out.println("in test case 1 of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG");
}
// test case 2
@Test
public void testCase2() {
System.out.println("in test case 2 of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("in beforeMethod of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("in beforeTest of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG");
}
}
The following code for common TestNG class − NewTestngClass.
import org.testng.annotations.*;
public class NewTestngClass {
@Test
public void testCase1() {
System.out.println("in test case 1 of NewTestngClass");
}
@Test
public void testCase2() {
System.out.println("in test case 2 of NewTestngClass");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("in beforeTest of NewTestngClass");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("in beforeMethod of NewTestngClass");
}
}
testng.xml
This is a configuration file that is used to organize and run the TestNG test cases.
It is very handy when limited tests are needed to execute rather than full suite.
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name = "Suite1">
<test name = "test1">
<classes>
<class name = "OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG"/>
<class name = "NewTestngClass"/>
</classes>
</test>
</suite>
Output
in beforeTest of NewTestngClass in beforeTest of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG in beforeMethod of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG in test case 1 of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG in beforeMethod of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG in test case 2 of OrderofTestExecutionInTestNG in beforeMethod of NewTestngClass in test case 1 of NewTestngClass in beforeMethod of NewTestngClass in test case 2 of NewTestngClass =============================================== Suite1 Total tests run: 4, Passes: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0 ===============================================
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