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Data Type Ranges and their macros in C++
In some cases, we need to use the minimum or maximum value of a specific datatype in different problems. It is very difficult to remember that value. For that reason, C++ has some macros, that are used to denote the minimum and maximum range of some datatype. Some of them do not have macros, because they are unsigned, so the minimum will be 0.
| Data Type | Range | Macro for min value | Macro for max value |
|---|---|---|---|
| char | -128 to +127 | CHAR_MIN | CHAR_MAX |
| short char | -128 to +127 | SCHAR_MIN | SCHAR_MAX |
| unsigned char | 0 to 255 | ----- | UCHAR_MAX |
| short int | -32768 to +32767 | SHRT_MIN | SHRT_MAX |
| unsigned short int | 0 to 65535 | ----- | USHRT_MAX |
| int | -2147483648 to +2147483647 | INT_MIN | INT_MAX |
| unsigned int | 0 to 4294967295 | ----- | INT_MAX |
| long int | -2147483648 to +2147483647 | LONG_MIN | LONG_MAX |
| unsigned long int | 0 to 18446744073709551615 | ----- | ULONG_MAX |
| long long int | -9223372036854775808 to +9223372036854775807 | LLONG_MIN | LLONG_MAX |
| unsigned long long int | 0 to 18446744073709551615 | ----- | ULLONG_MAX |
| float | 1.17549e-38 to 3.40282e+38 | FLT_MIN | FLT_MAX |
| float(negative) | -1.17549e-38 to -3.40282e+38 | -FLT_MIN | -FLT_MAX |
| double | 2.22507e-308 to 1.79769e+308 | DBL_MIN | DBL_MAX |
| double(negative) | -2.22507e-308 to -1.79769e+308 | -DBL_MIN | -DBL_MAX |
We can see a simple program to print the range of some data types of C++.
Example
#include<iostream>
#include<limits.h> // for int,char macros
#include<float.h> // for float,double macros
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "char Range: (" << CHAR_MIN <<", " <<CHAR_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "short char Range: (" << SCHAR_MIN <<", " <<SCHAR_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "unsigned char Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<UCHAR_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "short int Range: (" << SHRT_MIN <<", " <<SHRT_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "unsigned short int Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<USHRT_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "int Range: (" << INT_MIN <<", " <<INT_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "unsigned int Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<UINT_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "long int Range: (" << LONG_MIN <<", " <<LONG_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "unsigned long int Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<ULONG_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "long long int Range: (" << LLONG_MIN <<", " <<LLONG_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "unsigned long long int Range: (" << 0 <<", " <<ULLONG_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "float Range: (" << FLT_MIN <<", " <<FLT_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "float(negative) Range: (" << -FLT_MIN <<", " <<-FLT_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "double Range: (" << DBL_MIN <<", " <<DBL_MAX << ")\n";
cout << "double(negative) Range: (" << -DBL_MIN <<", " <<-DBL_MAX << ")";
}Output
char Range: (-128, 127) short char Range: (-128, 127) unsigned char Range: (0, 255) short int Range: (-32768, 32767) unsigned short int Range: (0, 65535) int Range: (-2147483648, 2147483647) unsigned int Range: (0, 4294967295) long int Range: (-2147483648, 2147483647) unsigned long int Range: (0, 4294967295) long long int Range: (-9223372036854775808, 9223372036854775807) unsigned long long int Range: (0, 18446744073709551615) float Range: (1.17549e-038, 3.40282e+038) float(negative) Range: (-1.17549e-038, -3.40282e+038) double Range: (2.22507e-308, 1.79769e+308) double(negative) Range: (-2.22507e-308, -1.79769e+308)
Updated on: 30-Jul-2019
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