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Count substrings that starts with character X and ends with character Y in C++
We are given string str. The goal is to count the number of substrings in str that have starting character same as character X and ending character same as character Y. For example, if input is “artact” and X=’a’ and Y=’t’, the substrings will be “art”, “act”, “artact”. The count is 3.
Let us understand with examples.
Input − str=”abcccdef” X=’a’ Y=’c’
Output −Count of substrings that starts with character X and ends with Y is − 3
Explanation − Substrings will be
“abc”, “abcc”, “abccc”. Total 3.
Input − str=”tempest” X=’t’ Y=’t’
Output − Count of substrings that starts with character X and ends with Y are − 3
Explanation − Substrings will be −
“t” , “tempest” , “t”. Total 3
The approach used in the below program is as follows
We will traverse the string and increment count of X. If then Y is encountered add X count to the count of strings that start with X and end with Y.
Take string str. Calculate the length as str.size().
Function X_Y(string str, int length, char X, char Y) takes string str, characters X, Y and returns the count of substrings of str that start with X and end with Y.
Take the initial count as 0.
Take x_total as count of character X in str.
Traverse str using for loop. From i=0 to i<length.
If str[i]==X, increment count of X’s in str (x_total++).
If str[i]==Y, add x_total to count. If no X was there x_total would be 0, otherwise, Y is the end character of the substring that started from X.
Return count as the desired result.
Example
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int X_Y(string str, int length, char X, char Y){
int count = 0;
int x_total = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){
if(str[i] == X){
x_total++;
}
if (str[i] == Y){
count = count + x_total;
}
}
return count;
}
int main(){
string str = "defaabbcchhkl";
int length = str.size();
char X = 'd';
char Y = 'a';
cout<<"Count of substrings that starts with character X and ends with character Y are: "<<X_Y(str, length, X, Y);
return 0;
}Output
If we run the above code it will generate the following output −
Count of substrings that starts with character X and ends with character Y are: 2
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