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Articles by Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Page 65 of 196
How to change the size of plots arranged using grid.arrange in R?
To change the size of plots arranged using grid.arrange, we can use heights argument. The heights argument will have a vector equal to the number of plots that we want to arrange inside grid.arrange. The size of the plots will vary depending on the values in this vector.Consider the below data frame −Examplex
Read MoreHow to display positive sign for X-axis labels in R using ggplot2?
By default, the positive signs are not displayed in any plot in R. It is well known that if there is no sign seen with any value then it is considered positive, therefore, we do not need the sign but to distinguish between 0 and positive values it could be done. To display positive sign for X-axis labels, we can use scale_x_continuous function.Consider the below data frame −Examplex
Read MoreHow to deal with error "Error in shapiro.test(...) : sample size must be between 3 and 5000" in R?
The shapiro.test has a restriction in R that it can be applied only up to a sample of size 5000 and the least sample size must be 3. Therefore, we have an alternative hypothesis test called Anderson Darling normality test. To perform this test, we need load nortest package and use the ad.test function as shown in the below examples.Consider the below data frame −Examplex
Read MoreHow to find the row mean for columns in an R data frame by ignoring missing values?
To find the row mean for columns by ignoring missing values, we would need to use rowMeans function with na.rm. For example, if we have a data frame called df that contains five columns and some of the values are missing then the row means will be calculated by using the command: rowMeans(df,na.rm=TRUE).Consider the below data frame −Examplex1
Read MoreHow to remove rows from an R data frame that contains at least one NaN?
The NA values and NaN values are very different in nature, therefore, removal of rows containing NA values is different from removal of rows containing NaN values. For example, if we have a data frame that has NaN values the rows will be removed by using the is.finite function as shown in the below examples.Consider the below data frame −Examplex1
Read MoreHow to add a row to a frame from another data frame in R?
Sometimes we want to add new data to original data frame in situations such as we need more data for analysis, looking for comparison between small size and large size data, or some data is missing in the original data and hence need more to be added from other data sets. One such thing would be adding a new to an existing data frame from another data frame. It can be done with the help of rbind function as shown in the below example.Consider the below data frames df1 and df2 −Examplex
Read MoreHow to display negative labels below bars in barplot using ggplot2 in R?
Be default, the labels on the plot are represented without sign in a barplot that is created by using ggplot2 but we might want to display the sign of the labels especially in cases where we have some negative values. This can be done with the help of geom_text function of ggplot2 package as shown in the below example.Consider the below data frame −Examplex
Read MoreHow to remove duplicate rows in an R data frame if exists in two columns?
If two values are repeated in a column that means there are many same values in that column but if those values are repeated in column as well as rows then they are called duplicated rows in two columns. To remove duplicate rows in an R data frame if exists in two columns, we can use duplicated function as shown in the below examples.Consider the below data frame −Examplex1
Read MoreHow to create boxplot for a list object in base R?
A list object can contain multiple elements of data, also the size of the data may vary. If a list object has numerical vectors then the boxplot for each of the elements can be created simply by using boxplot function. For example, if we have a list object called LIST that contains five numerical vectors then the boxplot for each of the vectors can be created by using the command boxplot(LIST)ExampleList
Read MoreHow to create boxplot for list elements using ggplot2 in R?
If list elements are of equal size having numerical values then the boxplot for each element can be created by using ggplot2 but before creating the boxplot we would need to convert the list to a data frame. The conversion of list elements to a data frame will be done by unlisting of elements and creating two columns, one for categories and one for response variable. Check out the below example to understand how it works.Consider the below list −ExampleList
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