A negative booster is a separately excited DC generator whose armature is connected with negative bus-bar at the far end of the track through negative feeder. The connection diagram of the negative booster is shown in the figure below.As in case of DC traction system, the return current flows through ... Read More

Schedule Speed of an Electric TrainThe schedule speed of an electric train is defined as the ratio of the distance covered between two stops to the actual time of the run including the time for stop. The schedule speed is denoted by VS and is given by, $$\mathrm{\mathrm{Schedule\: speed}, \mathit{V_{\mathit{S}}}\:=\:\frac{\mathrm{Distance ... Read More

The part of an electric motor that protects the motor from the contaminants in the environment in which it is operating and persons being from touch is called the motor enclosure.The motor enclosures are necessary for the following reasons −It protects the motor against foreign body and severe conditions.It protects ... Read More

Electric motor drives are the basic assemblies used for the transformation of electrical power into mechanical energy. In simple words, the term "electric motor drive" is used to denote drives driven by electric motors.Types of Motors Used for Electric DrivesFollowing are the different types of motors used for industrial electric ... Read More

Block Diagram of an AC LocomotiveThe following figure shows the block diagram of an AC locomotive.AC Locomotive - Function of Each PartThe working and function of each part of an AC locomotive is described below −The AC power at 25 kV is taken from the overhead conductor wire (called as ... Read More

An electrical device which converts light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect is known as photovoltaic cell or PV cell or solar cell. A photovoltaic cell is basically a specially designed p-n junction diode.Construction and Working of Photovoltaic CellThe construction of a photovoltaic cell is shown in the ... Read More

LED LampAn optoelectronic device which emits light based on the principle of electroluminescence is known as LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp.Electroluminescence is the emission of light due to the interaction of an electric field with a suitable solid. It was noticed in 1962 that a forward biased gallium-arsenide junction was ... Read More

An electrochemical process that removes material from a metallic workpiece is known as electropolishing. It is also known as electrochemical polishing or electrolytic polishing.Electro-polishing uses a combination of rectified current and a blended chemical electrolyte bath to remove flaws from the surface of a metal part. Electropolishing is often described ... Read More

What is Electrodeposition?An electrolytic process by which one metal is deposited over other metal or non-metal is known as electrodeposition.Electrodeposition is widely used for decorative, protective and functional purposes. The process of electrodeposition includes −Electroplating − It is the process of deposition of metal over any metallic or non-metallic surfaces ... Read More

Electric TractionThe action of pulling something over a surface (especially a road or a track) is known as traction. The action of drawing of vehicles by electric power derived from overhead wires, third rail, storage batteries or diesel generators mounted on the vehicles is known as electric traction. In simple ... Read More