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In the 8085 Instruction set there are four instructions, which belong to the type LXI rp, d16. These instructions are used to load the 16-bit address into the register pair. We can use this instruction to load data from memory location using the memory address, which is stored in the register pair rp. For an example, if the instruction is LXI H, FE50. It means that the FE50 is loaded into the HL register pair. The rp can be BC, DE, HL or SP. The LXI instructions and their Hex-codes are as follows. Mnemonics, Operand Opcode (in HEX) ... Read More
The shortcoming of mysql_real_escape_string is as follows − It has main shortcoming in the modern API while we are making prepared statement. This has another shortcoming for every possible attack when you will typecast. Let us see the typecast syntax in MySQL − (TypeCast)mysql_real_escape_string($_REQUEST['anyColumnName'])); In the above syntax, we are typecasting, but in this case, it is not safer for every possible attack. The other cases include the following − It is not type safe. It is not for injection attack.
For representation of money, we need to use Decimal (TotalDigitsinteger, DigitsAfterDecimalinteger) method. Let’s say, we need to display the value 345.66. For that, count how many digits are available. In value 345.66, there are 5 digits in total and 2 digits after decimal point, which is 66. We can represent the same with the help of Decimal() method from MySQL. Here is the exact representation. DECIMAL(5, 2) Let us first create a table and consider the same above representation for our example − mysql> create table MoneyRepresentation -> ( -> Money ... Read More
To add composite primary key, use the ALTER command. Let us first create a demo table The query to create a table. mysql> create table CompositePrimaryKey -> ( -> Id int, -> StudentName varchar(100), -> Age int -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.56 sec) Haven’t added composite primary key above till now. Let us now check with the help of desc command. mysql> desc CompositePrimaryKey; The following is the output. +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field ... Read More
We can use DISTINCT and COUNT together in a single MySQL query. Firstly, let us create a table. The CREATE command is used to create a table. mysql> create table DistCountDemo - > ( - > id int, - > name varchar(100), - > age int - > ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.48 sec) Records are inserted with the help of INSERT command. mysql> insert into DistCountDemo values(1, 'John', 23); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec) mysql> insert ... Read More
Let’s say we have a table and now there is a requirement to add AUTO_INCREMENT on column name. For that, use the MODIFY command. Here, we will create a demo table first. mysql> create table AddingAutoIncrement -> ( -> Id int, -> Name varchar(200), -> Primary key(Id) -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.47 sec) We have created a table above and now let us alter the table to add AUTO_INCREMENT on column name ‘Id’. The syntax is as follows − ... Read More
Key is synonymous to an index. If you want to create an index for a column, then use ‘Key’. As stated in the official docs: KEY is normally a synonym for INDEX. The key attribute PRIMARY KEY can also be specified as just KEY when given in a column definition. This was implemented for compatibility with other database systems. The key can be used with Primary Key: Let us first create a table. Here is the query to set primary key for a column “id”. mysql> create table KeyDemo -> ( ... Read More
InnoDB is a general-purpose storage engine that balances high reliability and performance. Since MySQL 5.6, InnoDB is the default MySQL storage engine. InnoDB can be used for various purposes. Here are some of them − It can be used for transaction purpose i.e. all ACID properties. InnoDB can be used for row level locking, that means it gives higher performance as compared to MyISAM. InnoDB can be used for both data and index for a large buffer pool. InnoDB can be used when we need better performance than MyISAM. MyISAM is the default storage engine for the MySQL ... Read More
We can return 0 for NULL in MySQL with the help of IFNULL() method. The syntax of IFNULL() is as follows. IFNULL(YOUREXPRESSION, 0); Let us see an example. First, we will create a table. mysql> create table NullDemoWithZero -> ( -> id varchar(200) -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.65 sec) After creating a table, let us insert some records in the table using the INSERT command. The query is as follows − mysql> insert into NullDemoWithZero values(); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.16 sec) ... Read More
We can escape apostrophe (‘) in MySQL in the following two ways − We can use backslash. We can use single quotes twice (double quoted) Using backslash Let us first create a table. mysql> create table SingleQuotesDemo - > ( - > id int, - > name varchar(100) - > ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.16 sec) Following direct usage does not give the desired result for name “John’s”. mysql> insert into SingleQuotesDemo values(1, 'John's'); '> Let us now use backslash. ... Read More