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Electronics & Electrical Articles
Page 29 of 47
Parallel RLC Circuit: Analysis and Example Problems
Consider a parallel RLC circuit shown in the figure, where the resistor R, inductor L and capacitor C are connected in parallel and I (RMS) being the total supply current. In a parallel circuit, the voltage V (RMS) across each of the three elements remain same. Hence, for convenience, the voltage may be taken as reference phasor.Here, $$\mathrm{\mathit{V}=\mathit{IZ}=\frac{\mathit{I}}{\mathit{Y}}}$$Where, Z= Total impedance of the parallel circuit, Y=1/Z= Admittance of the parallel circuit.The admittance of the parallel circuit is given by, $$\mathrm{\mathit{Y}=\frac{1}{\mathit{R}}+\frac{1}{\mathit{j\omega L}}+\mathit{j\omega C}=\frac{1}{\mathit{R}}+ {\mathit{j}}(\mathit{\omega C}-\frac{1}{\mathit{\omega L}})=\mathit{G}+\mathit{jB}}$$Where, G=1/R= Conductance of the circuit, B=1/X= Susceptance of the circuit, $$\mathrm{Magnitude\:of\:admittance, |\mathit{Y}|=\sqrt{(\frac{1}{\mathit{R}})^{2}+(\mathit{\omega C}-\frac{1}{\mathit{\omega L}})^{2}}}$$$$\mathrm{Phase\:angle\:of\:admittance, \:\varphi=\tan^{-1}(\frac{\mathit{\omega ...
Read MoreHow to select a site for a Steam Power Plant?
A thermal power station or steam power plant is a generating station which converts the heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy.To achieve overall economy in power generation, the following factors should be considered while selecting a site for a thermal power plant −Supply of Fuel (Coal)The thermal plant should be located near the coal mines so that the transportation cost is minimum. Although, if the thermal power plant is to be installed at a place where coal is not available near the site, then care should be taken that adequate facilities exist for the transportation of coal.Water AvailabilitySince ...
Read MoreHow do mobiles help us in daily life?
Mobiles have become a prerequisite in our day-to-day lives. They have helped in creating a global village in a true spirit. Technology has truly enhanced our standard of living. Living without our mobiles is not possible in any ways today considering their contribution to our lives. This can be understood in the following points -Staying Connected with the PeopleOne of the biggest support that is provided by mobiles is betterment and advancement in communication and networking with the people. It has helped reduce physical distance with the video calling facility. People today can get in touch with people within seconds ...
Read MoreWhat is an offset printing machine?
Before we get to the offset printing machine let's first understand what is offset printing all about. In offset printing, the image or text that is to be printed needs to be transferred from a metal plate to a rubber blanket which is mounted on heavy iron rollers. This roller is one of the most important parts of the offset printing machine as it is that component of the machine which does the printing. "Offset" is a technical term which is meant to convey the process by which the image is transferred from the metal plate to the rubber blanket ...
Read MoreWhy do we have mirrors in Lifts?
There are different points of view offered by different folks about the origin of the idea of having mirrors inside elevators but on one thing they all have the same view - psychological and ergonomic factors rather than technological factors brought mirrors into elevators. One line of opinion says this business of mirrors in elevators first began in Japan where it helped to resolve an ergonomic problem for people in wheelchairs. As the elevators in those pre-World War II days were really small, it was pointed out that mirrors in these elevators helped the folks in wheelchairs to clearly see ...
Read MoreWhat are various systems of power transmission?
Various Systems of Power TransmissionFor the transmission of electrical power from the generating stations to the substations for distribution, there are various types of power transmission systems are adopted. However, for the transmission of electric power, three-phase three wire transmission system is universally adopted.The different possible systems for electric power transmission are discussed below.DC Transmission SystemWhen the electrical power is transmitted using direct current or voltage, then the transmission system is called the DC transmission system. The transmission system can be further classified into following three types −DC Two-Wire SystemDC Two-Wire with Mid-Point EarthedDC Three-Wire SystemSingle Phase AC SystemWhen the ...
Read MoreSinking Fund Method of Depreciation
Depreciation of Power Station EquipmentThe reduction in the value of the equipment and other property of the power station every year is known as depreciation. Therefore, a suitable amount, called depreciation charge, must be set aside annually so that by the time the life span of the power plant is over, the collected amount equals to the cost of the replacement of the power plant.Sinking Fund Method of DepreciationIn the sinking fund method of depreciation, a fixed depreciation charge is made every year and the interest is compounded on it annually. The constant depreciation charge is such that the sum ...
Read MoreWhat are different Units of Energy?
Units of EnergyThe capability of an object to do work is called its energy. In electrical engineering, the most important forms of energy are electrical energy, mechanical energy and thermal energy. Different units of measurement are used for the various forms of energy. Although, the units of electrical, mechanical and thermal energies are interchangeable.The units of various forms of energy are described as follows −Mechanical EnergyThe mechanical energy is defined as the product of force and distance, i.e., $$\mathrm{\mathrm{Mechanical \:energy\:=\:Force\: in \:Newton\:\times \:distance\: in \:meters}}$$Therefore, the SI unit of mechanical energy is Newton-meter (Nm) or Joules (J).The mechanical energy of ...
Read MoreAdvantages and Limitations of High Transmission Voltage
Advantages of High Transmission VoltageElectric power is transmitted at very high voltages due to some technical and economic reasons which are described as follows −1. Reduces the Volume of Conductor MaterialConsider the electric power being transmitting through the three-phase three-wire transmission system.Let, P = Power transmitted (in Watts)V = Line voltage (in Volts)$\mathrm{cos}\:\phi$ = Load power factorR = Resistance per conductor (in ohms)$\mathit{\rho}$ = Resistivity of conductor materiall = length of transmission line (in meters)a = cross sectional area of conductorTherefore, the load current is given by, $$\mathrm{\mathit{I}\:=\:\frac{\mathit{P}}{\sqrt{3}\mathit{V}\mathrm{cos\:\phi }}}$$And the resistance per conductor is$$\mathrm{\mathit{R}\:=\:\rho \:\frac{\mathit{l}}{\mathit{a}}}$$Thus, the total power loss in ...
Read MoreWhat is Power Factor and Power Triangle?
Power FactorThe cosine of angle between voltage and current in an AC circuit is called the power factor of the circuit. In other words, the power factor is defined as the ratio of active power to the apparent power in the circuit, i.e., $$\mathrm{\mathrm{Power\: factor, }\:\mathrm{cos}\:\phi \:=\:\frac{\mathrm{Active\: power\: (in\: Watts)}}{\mathrm{Apparent\: power \:(in\: VA)}}}$$Where, $\phi$ is the power factor angle.In an AC circuit, there may be a phase difference ($\phi$) between voltage and current. The term cos $\phi$ is called the power factor of the circuit.When the given circuit is inductive, then the current lags behind the voltage and the power ...
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