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Server Side Programming Articles
Page 1520 of 2109
Early binding and Late binding in C++
In C++, binding is the process of connecting names such as variables and functions to their actual memory locations. When you intend to call a function, the program must identify the proper function definition for the execution. So, binding is the process of making this connection. This happens either at compile time (early binding) or at runtime (late binding). Early Binding This is compile time polymorphism and decides which function to call before it runs, making execution faster and direct. Example In this example, we demonstrate the early binding, where the base class function runs instead of the derived class ...
Read MoreHow do malloc() and free() work in C/C++?
Both malloc() and free() are used to manage memory at runtime. The malloc() is very useful because it allocates memory based on the program needs, while free() releases the memory. But the free() can lead to memory leakage, which is one of its disadvantages. What is malloc()? The function malloc() is used to allocate the requested size of bytes and it returns a pointer to the first byte of allocated memory. It returns null pointer, if it fails. Syntax Following is the basic syntax of malloc(): pointer_name = (cast-type*) malloc(size); Here, pointer_name : Any ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Check for balanced paranthesis by using Stacks
In this article, we will learn how to check for a balanced parentheses using stack data structure in C++ program. First of all let's understand what is balanced parentheses. A string of parentheses is said to be balanced parentheses, If Every opening bracket has corresponding closing bracket of same type. The brackets are closed in correct order. For an example, we can say that the expression [{} () {()}] it is balanced. But {[}] is not balanced eventhough it contains opening and closing brackets of same type. ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Implement Adjacency List
An adjacency list of graph is a collection of unordered lists, that represents a finite graph data structure using linked lists. Each list in the collection represents one of the vertex of the graph and it will store the adjacent vertices of that vertex. In this article we will learn how to implement adjacency list for a graph using C++ program. First of all, let's see an example of adjacency list. Example of Adjacency List To understand what is an adjacency list is, first we need to take a graph data structure for reference. The image below represent a ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Implement Adjacency Matrix
The adjacency matrix of a graph is a square matrix of size V x V, that represent a finite graph data structure using a 2D array, where V is number of edges of the graph. The each non zero elements in the matrix represent an edges of the graph. For example, if the graph has some edges from i to j vertices, then in the adjacency matrix at i th row and j th column it will be 1 (or some non-zero value for weighted graph), otherwise that value will be 0. In this article, we will learn how to ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Perform Partition of an Integer in All Possible Ways
In this article, we have a positive integer 'n'. Our task is to generate all possible unique ways to represent 'n' as the sum of positive integers in C++. Each partition should give a sum equal to the given 'n'. Here is an example: Input: n = 4 Output: 4 3 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Steps to Perform Unique Partition of Integer We start with the current partition i.e. with an initial value of n. Then we print the current partition. ...
Read MoreClearing input buffer in C/C++
In C/C++, an input buffer is a temporary storage area where the program processes the input. Suppose, you are an user and you type some characters using a keyboard but those characters are not passed to the program directly because it involves several layers of handling such as keyboard firmware, OS input queues, and event processing. So, they first proceed with the collection of an input buffer. Next, when the program is ready, it reads from the buffer. How Input Buffer Affects a Program? The input buffer affected to the program when we are using the functions like scanf() or ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Find Fibonacci Numbers using Matrix Exponentiation
The Fibonacci numbers, commonly denoted as F(n) forms a sequence, called the Fibonacci sequence. In Fibonacci series, each number is the sum of the two previous two numbers, starting from 0 and 1. It is represented as F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2). The matrix exponentiation method is used to calculate the powers of matrix efficiently with better time complexity. In this article, we provide a value of n. This n is the value up to which we want to find the Fibonacci numbers using the matrix exponentiation method in C++. Here is an example of the Fibonacci series up to ...
Read MoreRemove Trailing Zeros from string in C++
Trailing zeros are the zero occuring at the end of a string. In this article, we will discuss different approaches to remove trailing zeros from a string. The below section explains the problem statement. The input of this problem is a non-empty string containing characters and numbers. Our task is to remove all the zero's appering after the last non-zero character in the string. For example: // Input string "012424000" // Output String "012424" Remove Trailing Zeros From String Here is the list of approaches to remove all the trailing zeros from a string ...
Read MoreRemove spaces from std::string in C++
In this article, we will learn all the different approaches to remove the whitespaces from a standard string in C/C++. First of all, let's understand our problem statement. The input of this problem is a non-empty string containing multiple characters and whitespaces between those characters. Our task is to print the string by ignoring all the whitespaces into the output console. For example: // Input String "This is a string" // Output String "Thisisastring" Remove Whitespaces from a String in C++ Here is the list of approaches to remove all the whitespaces from a string using ...
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