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Server Side Programming Articles
Page 1518 of 2109
C++ Program to Implement Sieve of eratosthenes to Generate Prime Numbers Between Given Range
The Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm is one of the most efficient ways to find prime numbers smaller than n when n is smaller than around 10 million. It follows a simple process of marking the multiples of already prime numbers as false i.e. non-prime numbers. In this article, we have a given number as 'num'. Our task is to find all the prime numbers less than or equal to num using the Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm in C++. Example Here is an example to find prime numbers less than 10: Input: num = 10 Output: 2 3 5 7 ...
Read MoreHow to convert a single character to string in C++?
In C++, a single character is represented using a single quotation (' ') while a string is represented using a double quotation (" "). To change the single character into a string, use approaches like string_constructor, push_back(), etc., that solve the conversion. Example Input: ch = 'A' Output: str = A // "A" So, character A is converted to a string. C++ provides various approaches to convert single character into string as follows: Using string constructor Using push_back() Using stringstream ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Implement Graph Structured Stack
In this article, we will learn what is graph structured stack and how to implement it in a C++ program. What is Graph Structured Stack? Graph structured stack is a directed acyclic graph, where each directed path represents a stack. In this types of stack, the flow of execution is not linear like a traditional stack, instead the flow is represented using a graph structure. Each node in the graph can represent a function call or a state, and the edges define possible transitions or calls. This type of stacks are useful in advanced control flow handling like backtracking, ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Implement Bit Array
Bit array is used to store true/false or yes/no type of values in very less memory. In this article, we will see how to create and use a bit array in C++. What is Bit Array? Bit array is a special array where each element can hold only 0 or 1. Instead of using a full byte (8 bits) for each boolean value, a bit array stores multiple values using just one bit each. Meaning, in a normal array of bool values, each value takes at least one byte. But in bit array, we store 8 values in one ...
Read MoreWhat is double address operator(&&) in C++?
&& is a new reference operator defined in the C++11 standard. int&& a means "a" is an r-value reference. && is normally only used to declare a parameter of a function. And it only takes an r-value expression.Simply put, an r-value is a value that doesn't have a memory address. E.g., the number 6 and character 'v' are both r-values. int a, a is an l-value, however, (a+2) is an r-value. Example #include using namespace std; void foo(int&& a) { cout
Read MoreC++ Program to Generate Random Numbers Using Multiply with Carry Method
The multiply-with-carry method is a variant of the add-with-carry generator introduced by Marsaglia and Zaman (1991). The main advantages of this method are that it invokes simple computer integer arithmetic and leads to a very fast generation of sequences of random numbers with immense periods, ranging from around 260 to 22000000. In this article, our task is to generate random numbers using the multiply-with-carry method. Here is the formula of multiply-with-carry method: Multiply With Carry (MWC) Formula The multiply-with-carry formula is as follows: Xn = (a * Xn-1 + Cn-1) mod 232 Cn = (a * Xn-1 + Cn-1) ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Perform Edge Coloring to the Line Graph of an Input Graph
Edge coloring is a method of coloring the edges of a graph, such that no two edges having a common vertex is colored with same color. A line Graph is a special type of graph which help us to assume an edge-coloring problem into a vertex-coloring problem. In other words, using a line graph makes edge coloring easier. In this article, we will discuss how to perform edge coloring of a graph using line graph and greedy coloring approach. What is Line Graph? Line graph is a special graph that is created from another graph. In the line ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Perform Graph Coloring on Bipartite Graphs
Graph coloring is a technique in which, we assign colors to the vertices of a graph such that no two adjacent vertices have same color. Bipartite graph a special kind of graph which is possible to color by just two colors. In this article, we will discuss how to perform graph coloring on a bipartite graph using BFS algorithm. What is Bipartite Graph? Bipartite graph is special graph where you can divide the vertices into two sets, such that no two vertices of the same set are connected. This is why, it's possible to color a bipartite graph by ...
Read MoreHow to calculate Execution Time of a Code Snippet in C++?
To calculate the execution time of a program, use the std::chrono library, which was introduced in C++11. This library has two distinct objects: time_point and duration. The time_point represents the variable names that store the start and end times of specific algorithms, functions, or loops used in the program. While duration represents the interval between two different times. The chrono library allows us to subtract these time intervals. Here, we use the high_resolution_clock::now() function, which provides accurate units of time. Calculate the Execution Time of a C++ Program To get the execution time of a program use the chrono header ...
Read MoreWhy are global variables bad in C/C++?
Global variables are declared and defined outside any function in the program. They hold their values throughout the lifetime of the program and are accessible throughout its execution. When we use our non-constant global variable in our programs, it becomes harder to manage. So, it is better to use local variables because of specific functions and easier understanding. You can use the prefix g_ for global variable names to avoid naming conflicts and to indicate that the variable is global. There is another way to encapsulate the global variable by defining the variable static. Therefore, these are the reasons behind ...
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