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R Programming Articles
Page 160 of 174
How to subtract number of days from a date to get the previous date in R?
In our daily life, we might want to know what was the date before some number of days. This is also required in professional life, especially in those professions where we work on projects and have tight deadlines. To find the date before a certain number of days we can just use subtraction sign after reading the date with as.Date.Examplesas.Date("2001-01-01")-30 [1] "2000-12-02" as.Date("2020-06-30")-30 [1] "2020-05-31" as.Date("2020-06-30")-50 [1] "2020-05-11" as.Date("2020-06-30")-100 [1] "2020-03-22" as.Date("2020-06-30")-120 [1] "2020-03-02" as.Date("2020-06-30")-15 [1] "2020-06-15" as.Date("2020-06-30")-45 [1] "2020-05-16" as.Date("2020-06-30")-40 [1] "2020-05-21" as.Date("2020-12-25")-20 [1] "2020-12-05" as.Date("2020-12-25")-300 [1] "2020-02-29" as.Date("2020-12-25")-125 [1] "2020-08-22" as.Date("2020-12-25")-80 [1] "2020-10-06"We can also use / to ...
Read MoreHow to create permutations as a list in R?
The permutation is the combination with orders. For example, if we want to create a key for lock with a sequence of numbers then it must be order in some direction, otherwise, it will be difficult to remember and easy to unlock. We can find the permutation of some numbers or characters by using permn function of combinat package.Loading the combinat package −library(combinat)Examples that create list of permutations −permn(LETTERS[1:4]) [[1]] [1] "A" "B" "C" "D" [[2]] [1] "A" "B" "D" "C" [[3]] [1] "A" "D" "B" "C" [[4]] [1] "D" "A" "B" "C" [[5]] [1] "D" "A" "C" "B" [[6]] ...
Read MoreHow to reverse a vector in R?
Sometimes the vector values are recorded in the reverse order in R, therefore, we need to again reverse those vectors to get the actual order we want. For example, a sequence of numbers might be recorded as 1 to 20 but we wanted it to be from 20 to 1. The reversing of order of the vector values can be easily done with the help of rev function.Examplesx1
Read MoreHow to visualize the normality of a column of an R data frame?
The first step to analyze a variable is checking whether it is normally distributed or not and to visually do this, we create a histogram. If the histogram depicts a bell then we consider that the variable is normally distributed otherwise, it is not. We can create a histogram for any column of an R data frame by using hist function.ExampleConsider the below data frame −set.seed(9) df
Read MoreHow to create a Venn diagram in R?
A Venn diagram helps to identify the common and uncommon elements between two or more than two sets of elements. This is also used in probability theory to visually represent the relationship between two or more events. To create a Venn diagram in R, we can make use of venn function of gplots package.ExampleConsider the below vectorsx
Read MoreHow to find monthly sales using date variable in R?
Sales analysis requires to find monthly sales mean, total, range, and often standard deviation. This is mostly required by FMCG (Fast-Moving Consumer Goods) companies because they want to track their sales on daily basis as well as monthly basis. If we have daily sales data then we need to create another column for months in an R data frame to find the monthly sales and this can be done with the help of strftime and aggregate function.ExampleConsider the below data frame −date
Read MoreHow to add a month to a date in R?
We have to deal with date data in time series analysis, also sometimes we have a time variable in data set that is recorded to perform another type of analysis. Depending on our objective, we need to process the data and the time variable is also converted into appropriate form that we are looking for. If we want to create a sequence of months from date data then we can do it by adding a month to each upcoming month. This can be easily done by using AddMonths function of DescTools package.ExampleInstalling DescTools package −install.packages("DescTools") Loading DescTools package: library(DescTools) AddMonths(as.Date('2020/01/31'), ...
Read MoreHow to create a vector with zero values in R?
In data analysis, sometimes we need to use zeros for certain calculations, either to nullify the effect of a variable or for some other purpose based on the objective of the analysis. To deal with such type of situations, we need a zero value or a vector of zeros. There are many ways to create a vector with zeros in R. The important thing is the length of the vector.Examples> x1 x1 [1] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 > x2 x2 [1] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
Read MoreHow to merge two unequal data frames and replace missing values to 0 in R?
Often, we get data frames that are not of same size that means some of the rows or columns are missing in any of the data frames. Therefore, to merge these types of data frames we can merge them with all of their values and convert the missing values to zero if necessary. This can be done by using merge function and replacement of missing values NA to zeros should be done by using single square brackets.ExampleConsider the below data frames −> C1 df1 df1 C1 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 E 6 F 7 G ...
Read MoreHow to find the date after a number of days in R?
In our daily life, often we want to know what will be date after some number of days. This is also required in professional life, especially in those professions where we work on projects and have tight deadlines. To find the date after a number a certain number of days we can just use plus sign after reading the date with as.Date.Example> as.Date("2001-01-01")+30 [1] "2001-01-31" > as.Date("2020-06-30")+30 [1] "2020-07-30" > as.Date("2020-06-30")+50 [1] "2020-08-19" > as.Date("2020-06-30")+100 [1] "2020-10-08" > as.Date("2020-06-30")+120 [1] "2020-10-28" > as.Date("2020-06-30")+15 [1] "2020-07-15" > as.Date("2020-06-30")+45 [1] "2020-08-14" > as.Date("2020-06-30")+40 [1] "2020-08-09" > as.Date("2020-12-25")+20 [1] "2021-01-14" > as.Date("2020-12-25")+300 [1] ...
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