Python Articles

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Additive Secret Sharing and Share Proactivization ñ Using Python

Farhan Muhamed
Farhan Muhamed
Updated on 11-Jul-2025 686 Views

Additive Secret Sharing and Share Proactivization are cryptographic techniques to share a password or other confidential data among a group of people. In this article, we will explain these techniques and implement Python code to demonstrate them. Additive Secret Sharing Additive secret sharing is a technique used in cryptography to share a secret string or a password among multiple parties, such that all of the parties must collaborate to reconstruct the secret. For example: Original Secret Key: 1234 Generated five Shares: [-488, -55, -417, -720, 2914] Reconstructed Secret: 1234 Explanation: The original secret password is split into 5 ...

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All pair combinations of 2 tuples in Python

Tapas Kumar Ghosh
Tapas Kumar Ghosh
Updated on 11-Jul-2025 395 Views

Python tuples are immutable sequences that used to store collections of items. When working with two tuples, you may sometimes need to generate all possible pairs, where each pair contains one element from the first tuple and one from the second. In this article, we will learn different ways to generate all pair combinations from two tuples Following are input-output scenarios for pairing combinations of two tuples: Input: first_tuple = (1, 3) second_tuple = (7, 9) Output: [(1, 7), (1, 9), (3, 7), (3, 9), (7, 1), (7, 3), (9, 1), (9, 3)] Explanation: At index 0 of first_tuple pairs ...

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Aligning table to X-axis using matplotlib Python

Tapas Kumar Ghosh
Tapas Kumar Ghosh
Updated on 11-Jul-2025 2K+ Views

The Python Matplotlib library allows us to create visual plots from given data. To make the data easier to read and relate to the chart, we can display it in the form of a table and position it directly below the corresponding bar chart. Since the x-axis runs horizontally, we arrange the table in the same direction so that each value aligns correctly under its corresponding bar. Based on this concept, we demonstrate the diagram as follows: Steps to Align a Table to the X-axis Using Matplotlib Following are the steps to create a table and store data ...

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Age Calculator using Python Tkinter

Tapas Kumar Ghosh
Tapas Kumar Ghosh
Updated on 11-Jul-2025 2K+ Views

An age calculator in Python using Tkinter is a GUI (Graphical User Interface) application that allows users to determine their age based on their date of birth (DOB). To design the user interface of this application, we use various methods provided by the Tkinter library such as Tk(), pack(), Entry(), Button(), and more. GUI of Age Calculator Let us build a GUI-based age calculator where the user can enter their age in the format of years, months, and days. Ensure that single-digit numbers are prefixed with a 0. Creating an Age Calculator Application using Python Tkinter To create an ...

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All possible concatenations in String List Using Python

Tapas Kumar Ghosh
Tapas Kumar Ghosh
Updated on 11-Jul-2025 2K+ Views

All possible concatenations in a string list means to generate every possible combination of strings by concatenating two or more elements from a given list of strings. In this article, we are given a string list and we need to find all its possible concatenations. Following are the input-output scenarios for concatenating string's list: Scenario 1 Input: X = ['TP', 'Tutorix'] Output: ['TP', 'Tutorix', 'TPTutorix', 'TutorixTP'] Explanation: When the list contains two strings, say 'TP' and 'Tutorix', it returns two more additional possibilities like 'TPTutorix' and 'TutorixTP'. Scenario 2 Input: X = ['AP', 'BQ', 'CR'] Output: ['AP', 'BQ', 'CR', ...

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Program to find longest equivalent sublist after K increments in Python

Niharikaa Aitam
Niharikaa Aitam
Updated on 30-Jun-2025 264 Views

The longest equivalent sublist after K increments is known as the longest contiguous portion of a list where we can make all the elements equal by performing at most K increment operations. Suppose we have a list of numbers called nums and k. Now, consider an operation where we can increment any one element once. If we can perform operations at most k times, we have to find the longest sub-list containing equal elements. Input Output Scenario Let's consider the following scenario, as we can increment 9 once and 6 four times to get the sublist [10, 10, 10], ...

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Program to find longest even value path of a binary tree in Python

Arnab Chakraborty
Arnab Chakraborty
Updated on 30-Jun-2025 323 Views

A Binary tree is one of the data structures in Python in which each element is known as a Node. Each node should have a minimum of two child nodes. These children nodes are called as left child and the right child. The top node of the binary tree is known as the Root Node, and the nodes with no children are called Leaf Nodes. Following is the representation of the Binary Tree in Python - 10 / \ 5 ...

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Python program for removing n-th character from a string?

Akshitha Mote
Akshitha Mote
Updated on 23-Jun-2025 1K+ Views

The problem statement is to remove the nth character from the given string. Let's understand with an example. Consider my_string = "Tutorialspoint". The given value of n is 6; then we need to remove the 5th character from the string. Because the index value starts from zero. And it should result in "Tutorialspoint". Removing nth Character using a for Loop The for loop can be used to remove the n-th character from a string. In this approach, we iterate through each index of the string and print the characters. If the index value is equal to the given (n-1)th value, we ...

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How to return an object from a function in Python?

Akshitha Mote
Akshitha Mote
Updated on 23-Jun-2025 16K+ Views

In Python, we can return an object from a function, using the return keyword, just like any other variable. The statements after the return will not be executed. The return keyword cannot be used outside the function. If the function has a return statement without any expression, then the special value None is returned. In the following example, the function returned the sum of two numbers - def Sum(a, b): return a+b my_var1 = 23 my_var2 = 105 result_1 = Sum(my_var1, my_var2) # function call print(result_1) Following is an output of ...

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Python program for Modular Exponentiation

Akshitha Mote
Akshitha Mote
Updated on 23-Jun-2025 1K+ Views

What is Modular Exponentiation? To calculate Modular exponentiation, we need to raise a base to an exponent and then calculate the modulus of the result. This includes 3 integers: base, exponent, and modulo. Following is the syntax of the modular exponentiation in Python - (base**exponent) % modulo For instance, consider (2^5) % 5, which indicates 2 raised to the power of 5, which results in 32; When the modulo operation is performed, it returns the remainder, i.e., 32 % 5 is 3. Modular Exponentiation using Recursive Function A function that calls itself is known as a recursive function. Following is ...

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