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Programming Articles
Page 2519 of 2547
In C++ What are the differences between a pointer variable and a reference variable?
ReferencesWhen a variable is declared as reference, it becomes an alternative name for an existing variable.SyntaxType &newname = existing name;InitializatioType &pointer; pointer = variable name;PointersPointers are used to store the address of variable.SyntaxType *pointer;InitializationType *pointer; pointer = variable name;The main differences between references and pointers are -References are used to refer an existing variable in another name whereas pointers are used to store address of variable.References cannot have a null value assigned but pointer can.A reference variable can be referenced by pass by value whereas a pointer can be referenced but pass by reference.A reference must be initialized on declaration ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Implement Binary Heap
A Binary Heap is a complete binary tree which is either Min Heap or Max Heap. In a Max Binary Heap, the key at root must be maximum among all keys present in Binary Heap. This property must be recursively true for all nodes in that Binary Tree. Min Binary Heap is similar to MinHeap.Function descriptions:void BHeap::Insert(int ele): Perform insertion operation to insert element in heap.void BHeap::DeleteMin(): Perform deleteion operation to delete minimum value from heap.int BHeap::ExtractMin(): Perfrom operation to extract minimum value from heap.void BHeap::showHeap(): To show the elements of heap.void BHeap::heapifyup(int in): maintain heap structure in bottom up ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Find a Good Feedback Edge Set in a Graph
In this Program we will basically find a feedback arc set which contains edges which when removed from the graph, graph becomes directed acyclic graph.AlgorithmBegin function checkCG(int n) : n: number of vertices. arr: struct graph variable. Initialize cnt = 0 and size = (n-1). For i =0 to n-1 if (cnt == size) return 0 if (arr[i].ptr == NULL) Increase cnt. for j = 0 to n-1 while (arr[j].ptr != NULL) if ((arr[j].ptr)->des == (arr[i].ptr)->des) ...
Read MoreCreate Triplet Tuple from another collection in Java
Use the fromCollection() to create a Triplet tuple from another collection. Here, we will create a tuple from List Collection, but let us first see what we need Let us first see what we need to work with JavaTuples. To work with JavaTuples. Let us first see what we need to work with JavaTuples. To work with Triplet class in JavaTuples, you need to import the following package −import org.javatuples.Triplet;Note − Steps to download and run JavaTuples program If you are using Eclipse IDE to run Triplet Class in JavaTuples, then Right Click Project → Properties → Java Build Path ...
Read MoreWhat are the types of statements in JDBC?
There are three types of statements in JDBC namely, Statement, Prepared Statement, Callable statement.StatementThe Statement interface represents the static SQL statement. It helps you to create a general purpose SQL statements using Java.Creating a statementYou can create an object of this interface using the createStatement() method of the Connection interface.Create a statement by invoking the createStatement() method as shown below.Statement stmt = null; try { stmt = conn.createStatement( ); . . . } catch (SQLException e) { . . . } finally { . . . }Executing the ...
Read MoreCreate KeyValue Tuple using with() method in Java
To create a KeyValue tuple in Java, you can use the with() method. Let us first see what we need to work with JavaTuples. To work with KeyValue class in JavaTuples, you need to import the following package:import org.javatuples.KeyValue;Note: Download JavaTuples Jar library to run JavaTuples program. If you are using Eclipse IDE, then Right Click Project → Properties → Java Build Path → Add External Jars and upload the downloaded JavaTuples jar file. Refer the below guide for all the steps to run JavaTuples:Steps: How to run JavaTuples program in EclipseThe following is an example to create KeyValue tuple using ...
Read MoreHow to add a primary key constraint to a column of a table in a database using JDBC API?
You can add a primary key constraint to a column of a table using the ALTER TABLE command.SyntaxALTER TABLE table_name ADD CONSTRAINT MyPrimaryKey PRIMARY KEY (column1, column2...);Assume we have a table named Dispatches in the database with 7 columns namely id, CustomerName, DispatchDate, DeliveryTime, Price and, Location with description as shown below:+--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | ProductName | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | CustomerName | varchar(255) | ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Find SSSP (Single Source Shortest Path) in DAG (Directed Acyclic Graphs)
This is a C++ program to find SSSP (Single Source Shortest Path) in DAG (Directed Acyclic Graphs) using Dijkstra Algorithm to find out from the first node in graph to every other node with the shortest path length showed beside each pair of vertices.AlgorithmBegin Take the elements of the graph as input. function shortestpath(): Initialize the variables a[i] = 1 d[i] = 0 s[i].from = 0 Initialize a loop for i = 0 to 3 do if b[0][i] == 0 continue else ...
Read MoreJavaTuples setAt2() method for Septet class
The setAt2() method is used to set the Septet value in JavaTuples and a copy with a new value at the specified index i.e. index 2 here.Let us first see what we need to work with JavaTuples. To work with Septet class in JavaTuples, you need to import the following package −import org.javatuples.Septet;Note − Steps to download and run JavaTuples program If you are using Eclipse IDE to run Septet Class in JavaTuples, then Right Click Project → Properties → Java Build Path → Add External Jars and upload the downloaded JavaTuples jar file.The following is an example −Exampleimport org.javatuples.Septet; ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Find the Edge Connectivity of a Graph
In this program we need to find the Edge Connectivity of a Graph. An Edge Connectivity of a Graph of a graph means it is a bridge, removing it graph will be disconnected. Number of connected components increases with the removing of bridge in a disconnected undirected graph.Functions and pseudocode:Begin Function connections() is a recursive function to find out the connections: A) Mark the current node un visited. B) Initialize time and low value C) Go through all vertices adjacent to this D) Check if the subtree rooted with x has a connection to one ...
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