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Electron Articles
Page 6 of 19
Drift Velocity, Carrier Mobility and Drift Current – Definition, Formula and Examples
The slow movement of something toward an object is termed as drift. The average velocity of electrically charged particles in a material under the influence of an electric field is called the drift velocity. In this article, we will learn in detail about drift velocity, carrier mobility, and drift current. What is Drift Velocity? When a voltage is applied across the ends of a conducting wire, an electric field is applied at every point of the copper wire. Due to this electric field, the free electrons in the conductor wire experience a force that accelerates them toward the positive end ...
Read MoreConductance and Conductivity – Definition, Unit, Formula and Examples
In this article, we shall discuss electrical conductance and conductivity, its definition, formula, unit of measurement, and the solved numerical examples. What is Electrical Conductance? The measure of how easily the electric charge (or electrons or electric current) can flow through a material is called the conductance or electrical conductance of that material. Therefore, electrical conductance defines the capability of a substance to conduct electricity. In order to understand the concept of electrical conductance, we have to recall the electrical resistance of materials. Electrical resistance is defined as the measure of difficulty that a material offers in the flow of ...
Read MoreBasic Electrical Engineering – Formulas and Equations
The branch of engineering that deals with the study of design and implementation of various electrical devices and systems used in our everyday life as well as generation, transmission and distribution of electrical power is popularly known as Electrical Engineering. Electrical engineering primarily convers the study of electric circuits, power systems, electrical machines, power electronics, control system, and many more. Electrical engineering uses formulae and mathematical equations to explain and prove the truth of concepts. These formulae and equations are very useful in understanding the behavior of electrical systems and helps to perform the different calculations in practice. This article ...
Read MoreWhat is a Doubly-Excited System?
A doubly-excited system is the type of magnetic system in which two independent coils are used to produce magnetic field. Examples of doubly-excited systems are synchronous machine, separately excited DC machines, loudspeakers, tachometers etc.Consider a doubly-excited system as shown in the figure, it consists of a stator wound with a coil having a resistance of R1 and a rotor wound with a coil of resistance R2. Both the coils are excited by independent voltage sources.Following assumptions are made to analyse a doubly excited system −For any rotor position the relationship between flux-linkage (ψ) and current is linear.Hysteresis and eddy current ...
Read MoreSolid State Relay vs. Electromechanical Relay
A relay is nothing but an electrically operated switch. To switch power on and off, a relay requires a low power electrical signal. Therefore, a relay is an automatically operated switch that uses low power electrical signal to control a high power electrical signal.Electromechanical Relay (EMR)As the name implies, an electromechanical relay is one that uses physically moving contact to control the flow of power in the output circuit. The movement of moving contact is generated using electromagnetic forces created by a low power input signal to the relay, which allowing the completion of the circuit that contains high power ...
Read MoreDifference between Electrical Engineering and Electronics Engineering
Electrical engineering deals with the study of how to generate, transmit and utilize the electrical energy. Electronics engineering, on the other hand, deals with the study of how to control and switch the flow of electrical energy in a circuit. Go through this article to find out the other major differences between electrical and electronics engineering.What is Electrical Engineering?Electrical engineering is the branch of engineering which deals with the generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electrical energy.Electrical engineering is also concerned with study and design of electrical machines. The field of electrical engineering provides solutions for problems in various fields ...
Read MoreParallel RLC Circuit: Analysis and Example Problems
Consider a parallel RLC circuit shown in the figure, where the resistor R, inductor L and capacitor C are connected in parallel and I (RMS) being the total supply current. In a parallel circuit, the voltage V (RMS) across each of the three elements remain same. Hence, for convenience, the voltage may be taken as reference phasor.Here, $$\mathrm{\mathit{V}=\mathit{IZ}=\frac{\mathit{I}}{\mathit{Y}}}$$Where, Z= Total impedance of the parallel circuit, Y=1/Z= Admittance of the parallel circuit.The admittance of the parallel circuit is given by, $$\mathrm{\mathit{Y}=\frac{1}{\mathit{R}}+\frac{1}{\mathit{j\omega L}}+\mathit{j\omega C}=\frac{1}{\mathit{R}}+ {\mathit{j}}(\mathit{\omega C}-\frac{1}{\mathit{\omega L}})=\mathit{G}+\mathit{jB}}$$Where, G=1/R= Conductance of the circuit, B=1/X= Susceptance of the circuit, $$\mathrm{Magnitude\:of\:admittance, |\mathit{Y}|=\sqrt{(\frac{1}{\mathit{R}})^{2}+(\mathit{\omega C}-\frac{1}{\mathit{\omega L}})^{2}}}$$$$\mathrm{Phase\:angle\:of\:admittance, \:\varphi=\tan^{-1}(\frac{\mathit{\omega ...
Read MoreHow to select a site for a Steam Power Plant?
A thermal power station or steam power plant is a generating station which converts the heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy.To achieve overall economy in power generation, the following factors should be considered while selecting a site for a thermal power plant −Supply of Fuel (Coal)The thermal plant should be located near the coal mines so that the transportation cost is minimum. Although, if the thermal power plant is to be installed at a place where coal is not available near the site, then care should be taken that adequate facilities exist for the transportation of coal.Water AvailabilitySince ...
Read MoreWhat are various systems of power transmission?
Various Systems of Power TransmissionFor the transmission of electrical power from the generating stations to the substations for distribution, there are various types of power transmission systems are adopted. However, for the transmission of electric power, three-phase three wire transmission system is universally adopted.The different possible systems for electric power transmission are discussed below.DC Transmission SystemWhen the electrical power is transmitted using direct current or voltage, then the transmission system is called the DC transmission system. The transmission system can be further classified into following three types −DC Two-Wire SystemDC Two-Wire with Mid-Point EarthedDC Three-Wire SystemSingle Phase AC SystemWhen the ...
Read MoreSinking Fund Method of Depreciation
Depreciation of Power Station EquipmentThe reduction in the value of the equipment and other property of the power station every year is known as depreciation. Therefore, a suitable amount, called depreciation charge, must be set aside annually so that by the time the life span of the power plant is over, the collected amount equals to the cost of the replacement of the power plant.Sinking Fund Method of DepreciationIn the sinking fund method of depreciation, a fixed depreciation charge is made every year and the interest is compounded on it annually. The constant depreciation charge is such that the sum ...
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