Data Structure
Networking
RDBMS
Operating System
Java
MS Excel
iOS
HTML
CSS
Android
Python
C Programming
C++
C#
MongoDB
MySQL
Javascript
PHP
In a modular automation framework, test scripts are developed on the basis of modules or clusters by dividing the entire application into several small and self-sufficient blocks. Thus individual test scripts belonging to a particular module or cluster are created.These scripts belonging to these isolated modules can be integrated and can be driven by a master driver script to perform integration testing among the modules. All these are achieved with the help of common function libraries (containing essential methods and procedures) which are used while developing scripts for the modules.Modular automation framework follows the concept of Abstraction. Here in this ... Read More
Suppose we have a 2D matrix M representing the gray scale of an image, we have to design a smoother to make the gray scale of each pixel becomes the average gray scale (rounding down) of all the 8 surrounding pixels and itself. If a cell has less than 8 surrounding cells, convert all possible pixels.So, if the input is like111101111then the output will be000000000To solve this, we will follow these steps −R := row count of MC := column count ofDefine an array d = { -1, 0, 1 }Define one 2D array res of size (R x C)for ... Read More
The differences between Test Driven Development (TDD) and Behavior Driven Framework (BDD) are listed below −Sl No.TDDBDD1This is driven by the developers.This is driven by developers, QAs, product owners, customers and business analysts.2This is mostly focused on the coding implementation of the functionalities of the application.This is mostly focused on the business scenarios of the product.3This is mainly used for unit testing.This is mainly for making developers, testers, product owners, customers and business analysts agree on functional requirements of the application.4The popularly used tools are JDave, SpecFlow and so on.The popularly used tools are Cucumber, Gherkin, BeanSpec and so on.5TDD ... Read More
Test Driven Development framework is the methodology implemented from a developer’s mindset. Here, a developer writes test cases covering each and every functionalities of the application with the intention of verifying if the code is proper.Once these test cases get failed, the developers’ refactor the code in order to make those test cases pass. The process continues till all test cases get passed. This type of approach is extensively used in agile methodology. In this framework, test scripts are ready before the actual functionalities of the product are developed.The most difficult thing in TDD is to design test scripts even ... Read More
Behavior driven framework takes the inputs from all the stakeholders in the project like the developers, testers, product owners, managers, customers and business analysts. The idea is to bring each of the members of the project in the same understanding.Behavior driven framework works on collaboration and coordination among everyone in the team. Technical coding knowledge is not necessary since the functional requirements or specifications are described in non – technical, common language.This specification can be used as a standard template for the testers while designing the test cases by both automation and manual testers. Test coverage for each business scenario ... Read More
Suppose there is a robot and its starting position is (0, 0). If we have a sequence of its movements, we have to check whether this robot ends up at (0, 0) after it completes its moves.The move sequence is given as a string, and the character moves[i] represents its ith move. Symbols are R for right, L for left, U for up, and D for down. If the robot returns to the origin after it finishes all of its moves, return true. Otherwise, return false.So, if the input is like "RRULLD", then the output will be true, Right two-unit, ... Read More
The differences between Data Driven and Keyword Driven framework are described below.In data driven testing, we can run our tests on multiple data in multiple combinations with the help of parameterization. Here the data is treated as an input to the test script logic. Each data set can be treated as a separate test case.In keyword driven testing, the keywords that are developed represent an action. A list of keywords maintained in sequence form a test case. Thus a keyword once developed can be used in multiple test scripts.The data driven framework revolves around the data (maintained in excel, csv ... Read More
Suppose we have a Binary Search Tree and one target value; we have to check whether there exist two elements in the BST such that their sum is equal to the given target or not.So, if the input is likethen the output will be True.To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define an array vDefine a function inorder(), this will take root, if root is null, then −returninorder(left of root)insert value of root into vinorder(left of root)Define a function findnode(), this will take k, n := size of vwhile i < j, do −t := v[i] + v[j]if t ... Read More
Data driven framework is used for segregating test script logic from the test data. In this framework, we can run our test scripts using multiple sets of data in multiple combinations with the help of parameterization. The test data is maintained in separate files like excel, access, txt and so on.The test scripts need to be connected to these external files for fetching the data. The primary aim of this framework is to run our test scripts against various sets of data thereby reducing the number of test cases.Data driven framework has more test coverage, reusable features and is easy ... Read More
Keyword driven framework is also known as table driven framework. Here we have a table where we describe the keywords or actions for the methods that have to be executed.Automation test scripts are developed based on the keywords or actions mentioned in excel. The automation testers need to extend the framework capabilities by updating or building newer keywords.People working on manual testing with lesser programming knowledge can use this framework. The main idea is to identify the keywords or actions and utilize them in excel maintained for that particular test scenario. Often this excel sheet becomes a substitute for a ... Read More