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What are file operations in C#?
C# has the following file operations −
- Create, open, read and write a file.
- Append,
- Delete, etc.
The FileStream class in the System.IO namespace helps in reading from, writing to and closing files. This class derives from the abstract class Stream.
You need to create a FileStream object to create a new file or open an existing file. The syntax for creating a FileStream object is as follows −
FileStream = new FileStream( <file_name>, <FileMode Enumerator>, <FileAccess Enumerator>, <FileShare Enumerator>);
Here, the file operations are also included as shown below −
The FileMode enumerator defines various methods for opening files. The members of the FileMode enumerator are −
Append − It opens an existing file and puts cursor at the end of file, or creates the file, if the file does not exist.
Create − It creates a new file.
CreateNew − It specifies to the operating system, that it should create a new file.
Open − It opens an existing file.
OpenOrCreate − It specifies to the operating system that it should open a file if it exists, otherwise it should create a new file.
Truncate − It opens an existing file and truncates its size to zero bytes.
FileAccess - The FileAccess enumerators have members −
- Read,
- ReadWrite and
- Write.
FileShare - The FileShare enumerators have the following members −
Inheritable − It allows a file handle to pass inheritance to the child processes
None − It declines sharing of the current file
Read − It allows opening the file for readin.
ReadWrite − It allows opening the file for reading and writing
Write − It allows opening the file for writing
Let us see an example to create, open and read the contents of a file −
Example
using System; using System.IO; namespace FileIOApplication { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { FileStream F = new FileStream("test.dat", FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite); for (int i = 1; i <= 20; i++) { F.WriteByte((byte)i); } F.Position = 0; for (int i = 0; i <= 20; i++) { Console.Write(F.ReadByte() + " "); } F.Close(); Console.ReadKey(); } } }
Output
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 -1