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Number to Roman Numerals
Roman numbers are non-positional numbers. Some numerals are placed together to form a number in roman numbers. For an example the number 75 can be expressed as 75 = 50 + 10 + 10 + 5, so the roman numerals are LXXV.
In this problem one number is provided in a decimal format, our task is to convert it into the Roman numeral strings.
There are different symbols and their value, like this.
| I | IV | V | IX | X | XL | L | XC | C | CD | D | CM | M | MMMM | V’ |
| 1 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 10 | 40 | 50 | 90 | 100 | 400 | 500 | 900 | 1000 | 4000 | 5000 |
Using this table, we can easily find the roman numerals of a given number.
Input and Output
Input: Decimal number: 3569 Output: The Roman equivalent of 3569 is: MMMDLXIX
Algorithm
decToRoman(nuList, num)
Input: The numeral list with its value, number to convert into roman.
Output: The Roman numerals for the given number.
Begin if num ≠ 0, then max := get maximum numeral value, not greater than number display the nuList[max].symbol num := num – nuList[max].value decToRoman(nuList, num) End
Example
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct numeral {
string sym;
int val;
};
int maxNume(numeral nu[], int num) {
int index;
for(int i = 0; i<15; i++) //15 numerals in array
if(nu[i].val<= num)
index = i;
//gretest value numeral index, not greater than number
return index;
}
void decToRoman(numeral nu[], int num) {
int max;
if(num != 0) {
max = maxNume(nu, num);
cout << nu[max].sym;
num -= nu[max].val; //decrease number
decToRoman(nu, num); //recursively print numerals
}
}
int main() {
int number;
numeral nume[15] = {{"I",1},{"IV",4},{"V",5},{"IX",9},
{"X",10},{"XL",40},{"L",50},{"XC",90},
{"C",100},{"CD",400},{"D",500},{"CM",900},
{"M",1000},{"MMMM",4000},{"V'",5000}
};
cout << "Enter a decimal number: "; cin >> number;
if(number >0 && number <= 5000) { //checking input number
cout<<"The Roman equivalent of " << number<<" is: ";
decToRoman(nume, number);
}else {
cout << "Invalid Input";
}
}Output
Enter a decimal number: 3569 The Roman equivalent of 3569 is: MMMDLXIX
Updated on: 17-Jun-2020
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