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Difference between Computer and Embedded System
A computer is a general purpose electronic device that is used to perform a wide range of computing tasks, whereas an embedded system is a specialized computer that is used to perform one or more specific functions.
Read this article to learn how a computer is different from an embedded system.
What is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic machine that is designed to accomplish a wide range of computing tasks. Hence, a computer is basically a versatile electronic device that can be utilized for a variety of applications from general word processing and web browsing to complex data analysis and scientific simulations.
A computer is programmed in a way to have ability to perform the different types of tasks using application software. For computers, several types of software applications are developed to meet the requirements of different users and industries.
Some common examples of computers are desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones, etc. We can use these computing device for creating documents, web browsing, photo and video editing, playing games, and many other.
Hence, a computer is a general purpose and highly versatile computing machine that is being used as an essential tool for modern life and work.
What is an Embedded System?
A specialized computer system which is designed to accomplish one or a few specific tasks is termed as an embedded system. In large electronic or mechanical systems, an embedded system is used to perform functions with real time computing constraints.
The most important thing to note about embedded system is that it is usually a part of a large system. Therefore, the embedded system is not designed to be utilized as an independent device by the end users.
An embedded system typically has a limited processing power, storage capacity, etc. as compared to a normal computer. However, embedded systems are designed work in real time so that they can respond quickly to the events.
Embedded systems are used in variety of applications, such as consumer electronics, medical equipment, industrial control systems, automotive systems, etc.
Therefore, embedded systems are one of the important parts in many industries that improve work efficiency, and enhance the performance systems.
Difference between Computer and Embedded System
The following table highlights all the important differences between computer and embedded system −
Parameter |
Computer |
Embedded System |
|---|---|---|
Basic |
A computer is a general purpose electronic device used to perform different types of tasks. |
An embedded system is a specialized computer system that used to perform one or a few specific tasks. |
Purpose |
Computers are used for accomplishing general purpose computing tasks. |
Embedded systems are used for accomplishing specific tasks in a larger system. |
System hardware |
A computer typically consists of a CPU, storage unit, and I/O units. |
Embedded system are designed with a microcontroller which consists of a CPU, memory unit, and I/O interface on a single IC chip. |
Processing power |
Computers have very high processing power. |
Embedded systems have relatively low processing power. |
Storage capacity |
Computers have high storage capacity or memory to store data and information on the system. |
Embedded systems have less memory capacity as compared to computers. |
Versatility |
Computers are highly versatile computing device that can perform a wide range of functions. |
Embedded systems are designed to perform a limited number of functions. |
Size |
Computers are generally larger in size. |
Embedded systems are smaller in size than computers. |
Cost |
Computers are more expensive than embedded systems. |
Embedded systems are less expensive. |
Operating system |
Computers use a full-featured operating system to run. |
Embedded systems use a specialized operating system to run. |
Human-machine interface (HMI) |
Computers have a human-machine interface that allows end-users to interact with the computer. |
Embedded systems generally have a limited or no human-machine interface. |
Software development tools |
For computers, the general purpose development tools can be used to develop computer software. |
The development of software for embedded systems requires specialized and expert tools. |
Upgradability |
Computers are easily upgradable with new hardware and software. |
Embedded systems require significant hardware modification for upgradation. |
Reliability |
Computers are less reliable as compared to embedded systems. |
Embedded systems are more reliable than computers. |
Maintenance & updates |
Computers need regular maintenance and updates. |
Embedded systems do not require much maintenance and updates. |
System complexity |
Computers involve more complex system design. |
Embedded systems are comparatively less complex. |
Real time constraints |
Computers do not have real-time constraints. |
Embedded systems are purposely designed to operate in real time. |
Applications |
Computers are used for a variety of applications, such as word processing, web browsing, data analysis, scientific simulation, communication, etc. |
Embedded systems are used in consumer electronic devices, medical devices, industrial control systems, etc. |
Conclusion
Computers and embedded systems are quite different from each other in terms of their purpose, size, hardware and software, operating system, etc. Anyone working in the field of computer and embedded system engineering must understand all these differences. This is because, both computers and embedded systems are two crucial components in modern technological world that enable users to automate the processes, improve efficiency and performance of various systems.
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