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Articles by Pavitra
Page 12 of 13
Understanding Code Reuse and Modularity in Python 3
Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming(OOP)?OOP refers to Object-Oriented Paradigm and is referred to as the heart of programming methodology. It includes several concepts like polymorphism, encapsulation, data hiding, data abstraction, inheritance & modularity.OOP gives data the prime consideration and by providing an interface through the functions associated with it. An object is a self-sufficient entity i.e. it has all the variables and associated functions with it. Objects have characteristics(variables) and features(methods), known as attributes.What is Modularity?Modularity refers to the act of partitioning the code into modules building them first followed by linking and finally combining them to form a complete project. ...
Read MoreProcessing time with Pandas DataFrame
In this article, we will learn about generating & processing different timestamps using built-in pandas library. We are also using the numpy module to generate and modify the database needed for the timestamp generation.Preferable IDE: Jupyter notebookBefore beginning this tutorial we must install pandas and numpy library. For this jupyter notebook is the best place to test and run your code. For installing pandas we must run the following command.>>> pip install pandasIf we run this command all the dependencies are automatically installed. After it’s done we must restart the kernel to see the changes.After we finished installing all the ...
Read MoreFirst-Class Citizens in Python
First-class citizens are entities that enable support for all the operations facilitating other fellow entities.These entities are often used : while passing an argument , returning a value from function , conditional modifications & value assignment.In this article, we will look at the implementation & usage of first-class citizens in Python 3.x or earlier. Also, we will be learning what all entities get the tag of being First Class citizens.These citizens include Variables along with functions.Let’s first get familiar with the data types that are part of First-class citizensIntegersFloating typeComplex NumbersStringsAll four types mentioned above are given the tag of ...
Read MoreLearning Model Building in Scikit-learn: A Python Machine Learning Library
In this article, we will learn about the Learning Model Building in Scikit-learn: A Python Machine Learning Library.It is a free machine learning library. It supports various algorithm like the random forest, vector machines & k-nearest neighbours with direct implementation with numpy and scipy.Importing the datasetimport pandas Url = < specify your URL here> data=pandas.rad_csv(url)Data exploration and cleaningWe can use the head method to specify/filter the records according to our needs.data.head() data.head(n=4) # restricting the record to be 4We can also implement the last few records of the datasetdata.tail() data.tail(n=4) # restricting the record to be 4Now comes the stage ...
Read MoreKeyboard module in Python
In this article, we will learn about the use of the Keyboard module in Python 3.x. Or earlier.Ide preferred − Jupyter notebookInstallation −>>> pip install keyboardFunctionalities of the module −Allows us to block the action of specific keysWe can manage intents from the keyboard using on click listeners.Cross-platform compatibility.Supports special & hotkeys available on the keyboard.Now let’s implement this in the form of code −Exampleimport keyboard # It writes the content keyboard.write("Tutorialspoint") # It writes end of line keyboard.press_and_release('shift + o, shift + y, ') keyboard.press_and_release('k, j') # it blocks until ctrl keyboard.wait('Ctrl')OutputTutorialspoint O Y k jExampleimport keyboard # It ...
Read MoreIs the future with snake(Python) or Coffee(Java)?
In this article, we will learn about the scope of python and java in implementing the upcoming and trending technologies with ease.JavaFeatures of javaIt is object-orientedIt’s is platform-independentInvolves distributed computing and network capabilitiesMultithreading is supportedSecurity is prioritizedThe stack allocation system is availableSupported/ Available frameworksSpring framework( web applications)Grails ( dynamic environment)Java server facesGoogle web toolkitPlay frameworkStruts frameworkPythonFeatures of pythonInterpreted Object-Oriented languageModular, Dynamic and robust in naturePortableCross-platform compatibilityExtensible in C/C++Extensive library and third part dependencies supportSupported/ Available frameworksDjango framework( web-based application)Flask ( webserver)Tornado ( Web sockets )Sanic framework ( multi-level handling)Giotto framework( full stack development)Bottle framework ( Rest API’s)ConclusionIn this article, we ...
Read MoreWhat is the Python Global Interpreter Lock (GIL)
In this article, we will learn about What is the Python Global Interpreter Lock (GIL).This is a lock or hindrance that resistant the availability of the Python interpreter to multiple threads simultaneously. GIL is identified as a fault/issue in Python 3.x. Or earlier as it doesn’t allow multithreading in a multi-threaded architecture.Why is it introduced?Python supports the concept of automatic garbage collection. As soon as the reference count of an object reaches zero the memory is cleaned and free for usage.>>> import sys >>> var = {} >>> print(sys.getrefcount(ar)) >>> 2 >>> v=var >>> print(sys.getrefcount(v)) >>> 3Of in this case ...
Read MoreVectorization in Python
In this article, we will learn about vectorization and various techniques involved in implementation using Python 3.x. Or earlier.What is Vectorization?Vectorization is a technique to implement arrays without the use of loops. Using a function instead can help in minimizing the running time and execution time of code efficiently. Various operations are being performed over vector instead of arrays such as dot product of vectors which is also known as scalar product as it produces single output, outer products which results in square matrix of dimension equal to (length X length) of the vectors, Element wise multiplication which products the ...
Read MoreLogic Gates in Python
In this article, we will learn about Logic Gates in Python. Let’s look at each of the logic gates in Python in detail with some easy examples.All of us are quite familiar while implementing logic gates in the processing of electrical signals and are widely used in the electrical and electronics industry. They are used in the diodes and transistors so that we can design by proper alignment of these electronic devices. In this article we will learn about the implementation of some basic gates ‘and‘, ‘or‘ ,’not‘ , ‘nand‘ ,’nor‘ in Python 3.x or earlier.These gates can be implemented ...
Read MoreList comprehension and ord() in Python to remove all characters other than alphabets
In this article, we will learn about a program in which we can remove an all characters other than alphabets using the concept of list comprehension and ord() function in Python 3.x. Or earlier.Algorithm1.We Traverse the given string to check the charater. 2.Selection of characters is done which lie in the range of either [a-z] or [A-Z]. 3.Using the join function we print all the characters which pass the test together.Exampledef remchar(input): # checking uppercase and lowercase characters final = [ch for ch in input if (ord(ch) in range(ord('a'), ord('z')+1, 1)) or (ord(ch) in range(ord('A'), ord('Z')+1, 1))] return ...
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