Article Categories
- All Categories
-
Data Structure
-
Networking
-
RDBMS
-
Operating System
-
Java
-
MS Excel
-
iOS
-
HTML
-
CSS
-
Android
-
Python
-
C Programming
-
C++
-
C#
-
MongoDB
-
MySQL
-
Javascript
-
PHP
-
Economics & Finance
Articles by Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Page 59 of 196
How to remove column names from an R data frame?
There are situations when we might want to remove column names such as we want to manually replace the existing column names by new names or we simply don’t want to use them if we are very much familiar with the column characteristics. To remove the columns names we can simply set them to NULL as shown in the below examples.Example1Consider the below data frame −set.seed(357) x1
Read MoreHow to create the random sample by defining the probabilities for each unit in R?
The random sample can be created by using sample function, this random sample gives equal chance for each unit to be selected in the sample, hence it is called simple random sample. If we want to have a sample where each unit has different chance of being selected in the sample then we need to use the argument prob as shown in the below examples.Example1x1
Read MoreHow to find the maximum value in an R data frame?
The maximum value is a part of summary statistics and we always need to understand the end limits of our data; therefore, it is highly required. If we have a data frame that contains numerical columns then the maximum value can be found by using max function and the data frame object name.Example1y1
Read MoreHow to change the font size of main title of boxplot in base R?
The font size of the main title of boxplot can be changed by defining the font size value using par(cex.main=”size”), here size value can be changed based on our requirement. This needs to be done before creating the boxplot, otherwise, there will be no effect on the size of the main title.Examplex
Read MoreHow to access the table values in R?
Sometimes we want to extract table values, especially in cases when we have a big table. This helps us to understand the frequency for a particular item in the table. To access the table values, we can use single square brackets. For example, if we have a table called TABLE then the first element of the table can accessed by using TABLE[1].Example1x1
Read MoreHow to find the unique combinations of a string vector elements with a fixed size in R?
A unique combination of vector elements can be found by using combn function with unique function and size argument will help us to identify the size of each of combination. For example, if we have a vector containing string values defined as x then the unique combinations of vector elements of size 2 can be created by using combn(unique(x),2).Example1x1
Read MoreHow to sort a large number of csv files in ascending order in R?
To sort a large number of csv files in ascending order, we can use mixedsort function from gtools package. For example, if we have a list of csv files that are randomly arranged in a vector called FILES then the files can be sorted in ascending order using the command mixedsort(sort(FILES))ExampleFiles1
Read MoreHow to create a sequence increasing by 1 in R?
If a sequence is increasing by 1 that means for every value the total number of values increases by that much. For example, the values 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 are creating a sequence of values starting from 1 to 5. To create such type of sequences in R, we can simply use sequence function and pass the range as sequence(1:5).Examplex1
Read MoreHow to convert dot to comma for numerical columns in an R data frame?
Most European countries use a comma in place of a decimal. Therefore, if we have a data set that contains dot as a decimal market and we need to use that four such European countries or if dot is recorded in place of comma then we can replace the dot with comma using format function as shown in the below examples.Example1x2
Read MoreHow to display Y-axis with Euro sign using ggplot2 in R?
When we have a Euro currency column in an R data frame as a response variable then we might to display the Euro sign in the plot created by using ggplot2 package. For this purpose, we can use scales package and the scale for Y axis will be changed by using the command scale_y_continuous(labels=dollar_format(suffix="€",prefix="")) to the plot command.Consider the below data frame −Examplex
Read More