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Articles by karthikeya Boyini
Page 138 of 143
Instruction type XRA R in 8085 Microprocessor
In 8085 Instruction, XRA is a mnemonic that stands for “eXclusive OR Accumulator” and “R” stands for any of the following registers, or memory location M pointed by HL pair. R = A, B, C, D, E, H, L, or M This instruction is used to Ex-OR contents of R with the Accumulator. The result of Ex-OR operation will be stored in the Accumulator. As R can have any of the eight values, there are eight opcodes for this type of instruction. It occupies only 1-Byte in memory. Mnemonics, Operand Opcode(in HEX) Bytes ...
Read MoreInstruction type CMC in 8085 Microprocessor
In 8085 Instruction set, CMC stands for “CoMplement the Carry flag”. It performs complement operation on the cy flag, and the result is stored back in the cy flag. Mnemonics, Operand Opcode(in HEX) Bytes CMC 3F 1 The result of execution of this instruction has been depicted in the following tracing table − Before After (Cy) 1 0 Address Hex Codes Mnemonic Comment 2001 3F CMC Complement of Cy when Cy=1 The timing diagram against this instruction CMC execution is as follows − Summary − So this instruction CMC requires 1-Byte, 1-Machine Cycle (Opcode Fetch) and 4 T-States for execution as shown in the timing diagram.
Read MoreInstruction type CMP R in 8085 Microprocessor
In 8085 Instruction set, CMP is a mnemonic that stands for “CoMPareAccumulator” and hereR stands for any of the following registers, or memory location M pointed by HL pair. R = A, B, C, D, E, H, L, or M This instruction is used to compare contents of the Accumulator with given register R. The result of compare operation will be stored in the Temp register. Temp is not a GPR (General Purpose Register) but an internal register that is not accessible to the programmer. Actually R register’s content will get subtracted from Accumulators content and difference value ...
Read MoreInstruction type RLC in 8085 Microprocessor
In 8085 Instruction set, there is one mnemonic RLC stands for “Rotate Left Accumulator”. It rotates the Accumulator contents to the left by 1-bit position. The following Fig. shows the operation explicitly. In this fig. it has been depicted that the most significant bit of the Accumulator will come out and left rotate will create an empty space at the least significant bit place and this come out bit will be copied at the empty bit place and also on the Cy bit in the flag register. Thus, Cy flag gets a copy of the bit moved out ...
Read MoreInstruction type RRC in 8085 Microprocessor
In 8085 Instruction set, RRC stands for “Rotate Right Accumulator”. With the help of this instruction, we can rotate the Accumulator current content to the right by 1-bit position. The following Fig. will depict the rotation operation. In this right rotation, the least significant bit will come out from the Accumulator and will be copied to Cy bit in the flag register and also will be copied to the most significant bit position of the Accumulator. Notice that the Cy flag is not involved in the rotation, and it is only 8-bit rotation of Accumulator contents. ...
Read MoreTracking bird migration using Python-3
In some Research works, Researchers uses GPS modules to track the animal behavior. They can track how they are travelling to different places in different time of a year etc. In this example we use that kind of dataset to get an idea, how Birds are moving in different places. In this dataset there are the location details from GPS module are stored. The complete dataset is in CSV form. In that file, there are different fields. The first one is Bird Id, then date_time, Latitude, longitude and speed. For this Task, we need some modules that can be used ...
Read MoreInstruction type POP rp in 8085 Microprocessor
In 8085 Instruction set, with the mnemonic POP, we can pop out 2-Bytes from the top of the stack through rp i.e. register pair e.g. BC, DE, HL or AF. Here AF is a register pair formed with Flag and Accumulator registers and also known as PSW (Processor Status Word). In PSW, Accumulator is the MS Byte, and Flags register is the LS Byte. Mnemonics, Operand Opcode(in HEX) Bytes POP B C1 1 POP D D1 1 POP H E1 1 POP PSW F1 1 In the above ...
Read MoreInstruction type NOP in 8085 Microprocessor
In 8085 Instruction set, NOP is an instruction which is falling under Machine Control Instruction category. NOP is a mnemonic that stands for “No Operation”. This instruction does nothing during execution. Only it occupied 1-Byte of memory space and spends 4-Machine Cycles. Mnemonics, Operand Opcode(in HEX) Bytes NOP 00 1 In spite of the fact that it does nothing, still it has got many different applications. It is useful in the following cases − NOP instruction can be used to create small-time delay in the execution of the code. It is very ...
Read MoreThe Best C++ Code Formatter/Beautifier?
There are so many C++ code formatter or beautifier tools which beautifies your code or format with proper indentation. The C++ code formatter/ beautifier are listed as follows − C++ Code Formatter/Beautifier Description Astyle This is a source code formatter. It can be used for C++, java and other languages. It’s latest version is 2.03 and it released in April 2013. Clang-Format It is a command line tool along with clang compiler. It is open- source tool and programmed in C++, python. The latest version is 3.3. Universal Indent GUI It ...
Read MoreStack and Queue in Python using queue Module
In Python, it is very easy to implement stack and queue data structures. Stack is called LIFO because Stack works on the principle of "Last-in, first-out" and Queue is called FIFO because Queue works on the principle of "First-in, first-out", and the inbuilt functions in Python make the code shorter and simple. The Queue module implements multi-producer, multi-consumer queues and It is especially useful in threaded programming when information must be exchanged safely between multiple threads. The Queue class in this module implements all the required locking semantics and it depends on the availability of thread support in Python. This ...
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