Introduction Earth is distinctive in its abundance of water and there are several water bodies on the earth including rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, gulfs, streams, and more. Oceans are large water bodies and cover the majority of the area on the earth. These are significant in various aspects such as ... Read More

Introduction Blood present in the human body is the fluid connective tissue that mainly serves the function of the transportation of the different nutrients, proteins, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. The two main types of cells that are present in human blood are red blood cells and white blood cells. The ... Read More

Introduction Humans need the energy to carry out life processes. We are dependent on plants for food. Chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis in the plant cell. Chloroplast captures light energy and makes sugar by the process of photosynthesis. When we consume food produced by plants, mitochondria generate energy in ... Read More

Introduction There are two cycles of viral reproduction. Viral reproduction cycles are the two cycles by which viruses reproduce inside host cells. One is a lytic cycle, while the other one is a lysogenic cycle. The viruses reproducing through this mode of viral reproduction are bacterial viruses or bacteriophages. Bacteriophages ... Read More

Introduction Kingdom Plantae is a vast group which includes all the plants on the globe along with some algae. They are usually chlorophyll-containing, multicellular, autotrophic, primary food producers in the ecosystem. Kingdom Plantae is divided into many subgroups due to its vastness. Their classification is based on the plant structure, ... Read More

Introduction to Bt Crops Bt crops are genetically modified crops. Bt is a gram-positive soil bacteria that produce insecticides naturally. The insect-resistance soil bacteria is known as Bacillus thuringiensis. The bacteria produce insecticides when oxygen and nutrients are insufficient for their vegetative growth. At this time bacteria, sporulates and spore ... Read More

Introduction The phylum Bryophyta is a group of ~12, 000-14, 000 species of non-vascular plants represented by the mosses, the liverworts, and the hornworts, belonging to the sub-kingdom Embryophyta. These are non-woody herbaceous plants with a relatively small and simple body structure. Famously referred to as the “amphibians of the ... Read More

What is the pelvis? The pelvis, the lowest portion of the trunk situated between the abdomen and the thighs, is an uneven bony ring of complicated bones. Several joints and ligaments reinforce and support it. It creates attachment points for certain significant muscles and a cavity that can house numerous ... Read More

Introduction During fertilization, the development of the embryo also begins, in which a simple embryo having very less diverse cell types is gradually converted to a complex organism with diverse cell types. The development includes a series of processes − Fertilization is of three types − External fertilization ... Read More

Introduction The animal kingdom is vast with extremely diverse living organisms. The flying animals are commonly referred to as birds although they are systematically placed under the Class Aves. It includes all the feathered homeothermic, warm-blooded animals with specialised organs for flying. It includes more than 10, 000 species. Their ... Read More