Let us begin by understanding what a scheduler is.SchedulerIt is used for handling the process and makes scheduling for the process. The main task of the scheduler is to select the process and make order of process, and to decide which process runs first.Types of SchedulersThere are three different types ... Read More

Process control block (PCB) is used by the operating system to store different information about the process including process state, registers, program counter, registers etc. It plays an important role when a context switching happens (the current process is pre-empted by another process with higher priority).The important information stored in ... Read More

Let us understand the privileged instructions in an operating system.Privileged instructionsThese are called machine level instructions that are executed when the processor is in privileged mode.The examples include the following −Shut down the systemChange the contents of a control register.Jump into kernel code.Sending commands to I/O devices.The processor is said ... Read More

The five process states in the Linux kernel are as follows −Running − This is a state where a process is either in running or ready to run. It is the most active state of all. In this state, the process is getting system resources.Interruptible − This state is a ... Read More

Let us begin by understanding the types of process states.Types of Process StatesThere are different types of Process States which are as follows −New − The process is about to be created in this state but not yet created, it is the program which is present in secondary memory that ... Read More

Let us understand what a process state is.Process StatesProcess states are the states in which the process is currently residing. There are basically five states of processes −New − The process is about to be created in this state but not yet created. It is the program which is present ... Read More

Threads that are available at user level are called as user threads. Threads available at kernel level are called kernel threads. User threads are supported above the kernel and are managed without kernel support and kernel threads are supported and managed directly by the operating system.Types of multithreading modelsThe different ... Read More

Process scheduler assigns different processes to CPU based on particular scheduling algorithms.The scheduling is responsible for taking part in the scheduling process that is the set of the policies and mechanisms to control the order in which the jobs can be completed. By using the scheduling algorithms the scheduler is ... Read More

The processes that are entering into the system are stored in the Job Queue. Suppose if the processes are in the Ready state are generally placed in the Ready Queue.The processes waiting for a device are placed in Device Queues. There are unique device queues which are available for every ... Read More

A thread is a small unit of CPU utilisation. It comprises a thread ID, a program counter, a register set and a stack. It shares with other threads which belong to the same process having code segment, data section and other operating system resources like open files and signals.A heavy ... Read More