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Articles by Arnab Chakraborty
Page 230 of 377
Minimum Insertion Steps to Make a String Palindrome in C++
Suppose we have a string s, we have to make this string palindrome. in each step we can insert any character at any position, we have to find minimum number of characters that require to make this palindrome. If the string is like “mad”, then the answer will be 2 as we can add “da” before “mad”, or “am” after “mad” to make this palindrome.To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define a function lcs(), this will take s, x := sn := size of sreverse the string xs := concatenate space before s, x := concatenate space before ...
Read MoreWord Pattern in C++
Suppose we have a pattern and a string str, find if str follows the same pattern. Here follow means there is a bijection between a letter in pattern and a non-empty word in str.So, if the input is like pattern = "cbbc", str = "word pattern pattern word", then the output will be True.To solve this, we will follow these steps −strcin := strDefine an array of wordsfor each word in strcininsert word at the end of wordsDefine one map p2ii := 0pat := empty stringfor c in pattern −if c is not member of p2i, then −(increase i by ...
Read MoreNim Game in C++
Suppose we are playing a game called, Nim Game with another player. There is a heap of stones, each time one player takes turns to remove 1 to 3 stones. The one who removes the last stone will be the winner. Player1 will take the first turn to remove the stones. Both of the players are very clever and have optimal strategies for the game. We have to devise an algorithm to determine whether player1 can win the game given the number of stones in the heap.So, if the input is like 5, then the output will be true, as ...
Read MoreIntersection of Two Arrays in C++
Suppose we have two arrays; we have to find their intersections.So, if the input is like [1, 5, 3, 6, 9], [2, 8, 9, 6, 7], then the output will be [9, 6]To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define two maps mp1, mp2Define an array resfor x in nums1(increase mp1[x] by 1)for x in nums2(increase mp2[x] by 1)for each key-value pair x in mp1cnt := 0cnt := minimum of value of x and mp2[key of x]if cnt > 0, then −insert key of x at the end of resreturn resExample Let us see the following implementation to get a ...
Read MoreGuess Number Higher or Lower in C++
Suppose we are playing the Guess Game. The properties of this game is as follows −Player 1 will pick a number from 1 to n. player2 have to guess which number I picked. Every time player2 guess wrong, player1 will tell player2 whether the number is higher or lower.We can use the function guess(num) which will return 3 possible results as follows −-1 − Player1's number is lower1 − Player1's number is higher0 − Number is matchedSo, if the input is like n = 10, pick = 5, then the output will be 5.To solve this, we will follow these ...
Read MoreSum of Distances in Tree in C++
Suppose we have one undirected, connected tree where N nodes are present. These are labelled as 0...N-1 and N-1 edges are given. The ith edge connects nodes edges[i][0] and edges[i][1] together. We have to find a list where ans[i] is the sum of the distances between node i and all other nodes.So, if the input is like N = 6 and edges = [(0, 1), (0, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5)], then the output will be [8, 12, 6, 10, 10, 10]To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define a function dfs1(), this will take node, parent, ...
Read MoreSimilar String Groups in C++
Suppose we have two strings X and Y, these are similar if we can swap two letters of X, so that it equals Y. Also two the strings X and Y are similar if they are equal. As an example, consider, two strings are like "tars" and "rats" are similar, if we swap t and r, then we can find another, now "rats" and "arts" are similar, but "star" is not similar to "tars", "rats", or "arts". Now we can see, these form two connected groups by similarity: {"tars", "rats", "arts"} and {"star"}. Here "tars" and "arts" are in the ...
Read MoreFind the Difference in C++
Suppose we have two strings s and t which consist of only lowercase letters. Now, string t is generated by random shuffling string s and then add one more letter at a random index. We have to find the letter that was added in t.So, if the input is like "mnopq", "pqmnot", then the output will be "t", this is the extra letter.To solve this, we will follow these steps −sSum := 0, tSum := 0for initialize i := 0, when i < call length() of s, update (increase i by 1), do −sSum := sSum + s[i]for initialize j ...
Read MoreShortest Path Visiting All Nodes in C++
Suppose we have one undirected, connected graph with N nodes these nodes are labeled as 0, 1, 2, ..., N-1. graph length will be N, and j is not same as i is in the list graph[i] exactly once, if and only if nodes i and j are connected. We have to find the length of the shortest path that visits every node. We can start and stop at any node, we can revisit nodes multiple times, and we can reuse edges.So, if the input is like [[1], [0, 2, 4], [1, 3, 4], [2], [1, 2]], then the output ...
Read MoreConvert a Number to Hexadecimal in C++
Suppose we have an integer; we have to devise an algorithm to convert it to hexadecimal. For negative numbers we will use the two’s complement method.So, if the input is like 254 and -12, then the output will be fe and fffffff4 respectively.To solve this, we will follow these steps −if num1 is same as 0, then −return "0"num := num1s := blank stringwhile num is non-zero, do −temp := num mod 16if temp
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