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Articles by Amrendra Patel
31 articles
Embedded SQL, Dynamic SQL, and SQLJ
Embedded SQL Embedded SQL is a method that combines SQL with a high−level programming language's features. It enables programmers to put SQL statements right into the source code files used to set up an application. Database operations may be carried out effortlessly by developers by adding SQL statements to the application code. The source code files having embedded SQL statements should be preprocessed before compilation because of the issue of interpretation of SQL statements by the high−level programming languages in embedded SQL. The terms EXEC SQL and END_EXEC must be used before and after each SQL statement in the source ...
Read MoreEmbedded SQL in DBMS
Embedded SQL is a powerful method that allows the integration of high−level programming languages with database management systems (DBMS). It acts as a bridge between applications and databases which helps in data manipulation and communication. Various database management systems offer embedded SQL, giving developers the freedom to select the one that best serves their requirements. Popular DBMS that support Embedded SQL are Altibase, IBM Db2, Microsoft SQL Server, Mimer SQL, Oracle Database, PostgreSQL, and SAP Sybase. Need of Embedded SQL The goal to make database interactions simpler for application developers and end users determines the demand for embedded SQL. ...
Read MoreData Architecture Design & Data Management
Data architecture design consists of standards that have certain rules, policies, and data types to be collected, from where the data is collected, storage of data, arrangement of data, and then using that data for further analysis. Data plays a vital role in the successful execution of business strategy. Data architecture design It helps us to show how users view the data in the database. It describes the type of data structures used to manage data and make the processing easy. the concept of dbms depends on its architecture. It is divided into three models i.e. conceptual model, ...
Read MoreDDL(Data definition language)
Data Definition Language(DDL) is used for describing data and its relationship in a database. It is also used to define the database schema. The commands only affect the database structure and not the data. The main DDL commands are create, alter, drop and truncate. Create Statement It is used to create a database or table. While creating the table, we specify table_name, column_name followed by data_types(int, float, varchar, etc) and constraints(primary key, not null, etc) Syntax CREATE TABLE table_name ( column1 datatype, column2 datatype, ..... ) Example In this ...
Read MoreData Control Language(DCL)
DCL(Data Control Language) work is to deal with sql commands that are used to permit a user to access, modify and work on a database. it is used to access stored data. It gives access, revoke access and change the permission to the owner of the database as per the requirement. It helps in how sql can use a user authority to modify or retrieve data and protect against unauthorised access. It complements data manipulation language(DML) and data definition language(DDL). It is the simplest among the three command It is basically used for enforcing data security. DCL Commands ...
Read MoreData Replication
Data replication means copying the data at multiple locations to improve the availability of data. It is used to remove the inconsistency between the same data which results in a distributed database so that users can do their own task without interrupting the work of other users. There are various types of Data Replication in DBMS as follow − Types of Data Replication Transactional Replication It makes a full copy of the database along with the changed data. Transactional consistency is guaranteed because the order of data is the same when copied from publisher to subscriber database. It is ...
Read MoreData Preprocessing in Data Mining
Data preprocessing is an important process of data mining. In this process, raw data is converted into an understandable format and made ready for further analysis. The motive is to improve data quality and make it up to mark for specific tasks. Tasks in Data Preprocessing Data cleaning Data cleaning help us remove inaccurate, incomplete and incorrect data from the dataset. Some techniques used in data cleaning are − Handling missing values This type of scenario occurs when some data is missing. Standard values can be used to fill up the missing values in a manual way but ...
Read MoreData Objects, Attributes and Relationship in DBMS
Data Objects Data objects refers to a collection of various attributes which are combined to make it understandable. Data object values have their own unique id, attribute and data types. The most common type is the data table. Data objects are mostly represented in data models, which resolve with the relationship among the data objects. Types of Data Objects Array is a one-dimension data object. i.e, can be a single column in a table. Example Student Name Aman Naman Monu Records Records refers to a single row for every ...
Read MoreData Modeling for Data Warehouse
Data modeling refers to the process of handling and designing the data model within a data warehouse platform. It consists of making an appropriate database schema so as to transfer the data that can be stored and of useful to user. Data warehouse modeling is used for two reasons, first is that relationship within the warehouse data can be visualised through the schema and second is that the cost is reduced and efficiency is increased with the help of well-designed schema which allow effective data warehouse structure to occur. Data modeling is different in data warehouse than in operational database ...
Read MoreData Mining:Data Attributes and Quality
Data Mining The process of extracting the data from a huge dataset that can be used for analysis and benefit of the organisation. This process helps in identifying patterns and managing relationship among the data to predict business problems. Data attributes An attribute can be defined as characteristics or property of an object. Object is described by attributes set and is referred to as a record of entity. Entity is described by a fraction of data i.e. attributes. For Example:In a Student database. (Name, id, Roll_no, Marks) are the attributes in provided database. Types of Attributes Nominal Attribute It only ...
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