The die() function can be used to stop the script and can be used to display a message to the end user. It can be used at the right side of the OR ( || ) operator and at left side can be any expression like the eval() function. Case ... Read More

MySQL has introduced signals similar to an exception in other languages. Let us first see the syntax of signal. SIGNAL SQLSTATE ' PredefinedValueforSignalError' SET MESSAGE_TEXT = 'AnyMessageInformation'; Above, we have set our own error message text as well. We will apply the above query to get an ... Read More

Let us understand the difference between initialization and assignment of values. Declaring an array. int [] n // declaring Initialization Declaring an array does not initialize the array in the memory. When the array variable is initialized, you can assign values to the array. Array is ... Read More

In general, we use ON in MySQL. In Joins, we use ON in a set of columns. USING is useful when both the tables share a column of the exact same name on which they join. Example of On. Creating our first table. mysql> CREATE table ForeignTableDemo ... Read More

The MySQL JDBC connection string look like this − Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); Above, Driver is an interface. Whenever your JDBC is running outside an application server, then the class DriverManager establish the connection. The DriverManager class is as follows − conn = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/yourdatabaseName", ”yourRootName", "yourPassword"); Now, I ... Read More

To count the number of occurrences of a string in a VARCHAR, we can use the logic of subtraction with length. First, we will create a table with the help of create command. mysql> create table StringOccurrenceDemo -> ( -> Cases varchar(100), ... Read More

A database index is a data structure that improves the speed of operations in a table. Indexes can be created using one or more columns, providing the basis for both rapid random lookups and efficient ordering of access to records. The best practices for using MySQL indexes are. ... Read More

We cannot use a function for default value in MySQL, but we can use triggers. Let us see an example. First, we will create a table. The CREATE command is used to create a table. mysql> CREATE table TbLFunctionTrigger - > ( - ... Read More

Trunks Definition Trunks are a large-bandwidth communication channels connecting switching centres, forming the core of the telephone network. A trunk comprises of a cluster of broadcast frequencies that are suitable for long haul communication of many voice and data signals simultaneously. Features The characteristic features of a trunk are − ... Read More

Pulse code modulation (PCM) is a technique of digitally representing analog signals. It takes samples of the amplitude of the analog signal and changes it to binary data. PCM technique is used by codecs in telephone networks to convert analog signals in local loops to digital signals in the trunks, ... Read More