The .gitignore file does not operate on files that are already committed. To ignore changes to a file that was accidentally staged or committed the following should be done −Step 1 − Remove such files or directories from the staging areaStep 2 − Commit changes in the repositoryStep 3 − Add path of such files or directories in the .gitignore fileStep 4 − Commit changes to the repositoryLet us understand this with an example −Create a folder by the name “bin” in the working directory. Add a file “temp.bin” with some content inside the folder and commit the changes.$ mkdir ... Read More

When a Git project is compiled it may generate binary files, lock files, temporary files and metadata files. These are intermediate files that are not part of the source code. For example, IDE config files or intermediate files like “.class”, ”.exe”, “.bin” etc. that are generated during compilation should be ignored by the version control system as they will be different for each developer machine and will unnecessarily increase the size of the repository.The .gitignore is a text file where each line contains a pattern for files or directories to ignore. It is usually placed at the root of the ... Read More

Git allows you to delete a file from the repository using any of the following methods −Using the Linux rm commandUsing the git rm commandScenario 1 − Use the Linux rm commandThe syntax of the Linux rm command is −$ git rm Let us assume that a file “file1.python” exists in the repository. Use the Linux rm command to delete the file − “file1.python”.$ git rm file1.pythonLet us first verify if the file has been removed from the working directory. This can be verified by using the Linux ls command.$ lsThe output suggests that the file has been removed from ... Read More

A file can be renamed in the following two ways −Use the mv Linux commandUse the git mv commandScenario 1 − Use the Linux mv commandThe following example assumes that a file “file1.txt” exists in the repository. The syntax for using the Linux mv command is −$ mv Use the Linux command mv to rename the file to “file1.java”.$ mv file1.txt file1.javaExecute the git status command to verify the file’s status in Git.$ git statusThe output in the screenshot suggests that the file has been renamed in two steps −“file1.txt” has been deleted from the working areaA new file ... Read More

The git add command adds files to the staging area whereas the git commit command will write changes to the repository permanently.When you have completed an important feature, you will need to create a snapshot of that change and save it to the Git repository. To achieve this, you will perform a commit.In Git, there exists an intermediate step before commit which does not exist in other version control systems. This intermediate step is called a staging area. The staging area is also known as the index. The staging area can be used to build up a set of changes ... Read More

This question can also be rephrased as − How do you resolve the Git warning − "LF will be replaced by CRLF"?The End−of−Line is marked using two special characters "\r" in Windows Operating System while the “" character is used to mark End-of-Line in MacOS and Linux systems.The \r and are known as the Carriage Return (CR) and Line Feed (LF) characters respectively. It is important to handle End-of-Line characters properly for consistency across multiple Operating Systems.End−of−Line characters can be configured in two ways −At the time of installation −At the time of installation, Git allows us to select from ... Read More

Git is currently the most popular version control system. A version control system records the changes made to our project codebase in a special kind of file system-based database. In Git, this database is known as a repository and its structure is inspired by the Linux file system. The repository maintains a history of the changes to our codebase.The .git folder contains all information that is necessary for the project and all information relating commits, remote repository address, etc. It also contains a log that stores the commit history. This log can help you to roll back to the desired ... Read More

The default configuration should be modified when you use Git for the first time. The git config command can be used to achieve the same. The following are some Git configuration settings that can be set −NameEmailDefault EditorLine EndingsGit allows us to configure the above settings at different levels. This means we can have different settings for different repositories of different projects. All configurations are stored in a configuration file.SyntaxThe syntax to modify Git’s configuration is −git config configuration_name [additional_flags]Git configuration can be modified at the following levels −System − System−level configuration is applied across an entire machine and ... Read More

Suppose we have a XML file as shown below.           Gambardella, Matthew       XML Developer's Guide       Computer       44.95       2000-10-01       An in-depth look at creating applications with XML.     We need to add a new node. So we will first load the XML file and then operate on it as shown below.The below command will save the XML file to the variable.$xmlfile = [XML](Get-Content C:\Temp\SampleXML.xml)The below command will create a new XML element$newelement = $xmlfile.CreateElement("book")Once the element is created we need ... Read More

We need to remove the window service named TestService using PowerShell. If you are using PowerShell 6.0 or above version, you can directly use a cmdlet Remove-Service command as shown below.In this example, we have a service name called TestService.Remove-Service Testservice -Confirm:$false -VerboseIf you are using the PowerShell framework version (5.1 or below), you need to use the registry. Services are stored in the registry at the below location.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\To delete the service, we need to remove that service key with the command as shown below.Get-Item HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\TestService | Remove-Item -Force -Verbose Here we are using the Service name TestService and you need to reboot the server ... Read More