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MCA Articles
Page 92 of 95
Difference between CSMA/CA and CSMA/CD
Both CSMA/CA and CSMA/CD are network protocols for transmission that operate in the Medium Access Control Layer, however there are significant differences in the way they operate. Read through this article to find out more about CSMA/CA and CSMA/CD and how they are different from each other.What is CSMA/CA?CSMA/CA is a network protocol for carrier transmission that stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance. It works in the same media access control layer as CSMA/CD. This protocol is effective before the collision.Algorithm of CSMA/CAThe algorithm of CSMA/CA is as follows −When a frame is ready, the transmitting station ...
Read MoreDifference between Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) and Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cables.
Unshielded Twisted Pair or UTP are twisted pair cables that are used to transmit both data and voice, as their frequency range is suitable for transmission. UTPs are more cost-effective and are not needed to be grounded. Shielded Twisted Pair or STP are also a twisted pair cables but are required to be grounded, wants more maintenance, have high data transmission capacity and are costlier than UTP. Read through this article to find out more about UTP and STP cables and how they are different from each other. What are Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cables? IBM invented shielded twisted pair ...
Read MoreDifference between Token Bus Network and Token Ring Network
A Token Bus Network is a network protocol used to transmit data. In a Token Bus Network, a virtual ring is formed between nodes/stations and token is transferred from one station to another in a sequential manner. Each node in a Token Bus Network knows the address of its successor and predecessor and can transmit data if it has the token. A Token Ring Network is similar to a Token Bus Network but it works around the physical ring instead of a virtual ring. A token is passed from one node to another in a sequential manner and each node ...
Read MoreDifference between EIGRP and OSPF
EIGRP stands for Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol. It is used to share information between routers lying in the same region. It can be easily implemented in small as well as large networks.OSPF stands for Open Shortest Path first. It is used on variable-length subnet masking (VLSM) and discontinuous networks. It is a classless routing protocol.Read through this article to find out more about EIGRP and OSPF and how these two protocols are different from each other.What is EIGRP?EIGRP is an advanced distance-vector routing protocol for automating routing decisions and configuration on a computer network. Cisco Systems designed the protocol ...
Read MoreWhat is Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA)?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) is a network protocol for carriertransmission that operates in the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. It senses or listens whether the shared channel for transmission is busy or not, and transmits if the channel is not busy. Using CMSA protocols, more than one users or nodes send and receive data through a shared medium that may be a single cable or optical fiber connecting multiple nodes, or a portion of the wireless spectrum.Working PrincipleWhen a station has frames to transmit, it attempts to detect presence of the carrier signal from the other nodes connected to ...
Read MoreHow to Convert Hexadecimal to Decimal?
Whereas Hexadecimal number is one of the number systems which has value is 16 and it has only 16 symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and A, B, C, D, E, F. Where A, B, C, D, E and F are single bit representations of decimal value 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 respectively. Whereas Decimal system is most familiar number system to the general public. It is base 10 which has only 10 symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.Conversion from Hexadecimal to Decimal number systemThere are various ...
Read MoreDecimal Number System
Number System represents value of number with respect to its given base. Based on its Base value, a number has unique representation and different number systems have different representation of the same number. For example, Binary, Octal, Decimal and Hexadecimal Number systems are used in microprocessor programming.If the Base value of a number system is 10, then it is called Decimal number system which has most important role in the development of science and technology. This is the weighted (or positional) number representation, where value of each digit is determined by its position (or their weight) in a number. This ...
Read MoreHexadecimal Number System
Hexadecimal Number System is one the type of Number Representation techniques, in which there value of base is 16. That means there are only 16 symbols or possible digit values, there are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F. Where A, B, C, D, E and F are single bit representations of decimal value 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 respectively. It requires only 4 bits to represent value of any digit. Hexadecimal numbers are indicated by the addition of either an 0x prefix or an h suffix.Position of every ...
Read MoreBinary Number System
Binary Number System is one the type of Number Representation techniques. It is most popular and used in digital systems. Binary system is used for representing binary quantities which can be represented by any device that has only two operating states or possible conditions. For example, a switch has only two states: open or close.In the Binary System, there are only two symbols or possible digit values, i.e., 0 and 1. Represented by any device that only 2 operating states or possible conditions. Binary numbers are indicated by the addition of either an 0b prefix or an 2 suffix.Position of ...
Read MoreWhat are Shell Commands?
The shell is the command interpreter on the Linux systems. It the program that interacts with the users in the terminal emulation window. Shell commands are instructions that instruct the system to do some action.Some of the commonly used shell commands are −basenameThis command strips the directory and suffix from filenames. It prints the name of the file with all the leading directory components removed. It also removes a trailing suffix if it is specified.Example of basename is as follows −$ basename country/city.txtThis gets the name of the file i.e. city which is present in folder country.city.txtcatThis command concatenates and ...
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