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Introduction Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is the primary foreign Intelligence and surveillance organization of the United States government. which was initially established in 1947. Just one of the director and deputy director positions at the CIA may be held by a military officer. The CIA is controlled by the Director of Central Intelligence or DCIA, who also acts as the director of national intelligence. History and Evolution Harry S. Truman's signed the National Security Act in 1947 which resulted in the establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Establishing a civilian intelligence agency in charge of gathering sensitive information ... Read More
Introduction Crime Investigation Department (CID) is a branch department of the State Police Services in India. It was established in 1902 by the British Government following the recommendation of Police Commissioners which was based on the CID of British Police Forces. Its main function is to investigate, evaluate and scrutinize the most complicated cases of the state. It has several wings working under it like Crime Branch, Finger Print Bureau, Anti- Narcotics, Anti-Human Trafficking & Missing Person Wing, and Anti-Terror Squad. Out of all, Crime Branch is a special CID wing headed by the ADGP (Additional Director General of ... Read More
Introduction Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) collaborates closely with the Indian government, industry, and other stakeholders to establish a supportive policy climate for businesses to succeed. It promotes policy adjustments and reforms to boost the ease of doing business, improve the business climate, and foster innovation and entrepreneurship. Its headquarters are in New Delhi, India, where it was founded in 1895. Large, medium, and small businesses, global firms, and industry groups make up the organization's more than 9, 000 members. Members of this group come from a range of industries, including manufacturing, services, and infrastructure. Objectives and Mission The ... Read More
Introduction Computer Information Data System Company (CISCO) is a computer program solutions provider that specializes in creating and executing imaginative technologies for businesses. With a center on client fulfillment, CISCO offers a range of products and services planned to help companies streamline their operations and maximize their productivity. From customized computer program arrangements to comprehensive IT support, CISCO is devoted to conveying top-quality benefits and solutions to businesses of all sizes and industries. With a team of highly gifted experts and a commitment to development, CISCO may be a trusted partner for businesses looking to optimize their technology and ... Read More
Introduction Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) was established on June 15, 1983 in compliance with the CISF Act of 1968. The force in India is in charge of securing numerous public and private institutions. The force was first created to supply security to organisations in the public segment, but because it developed, it moreover started to include institutions within the private segment. The CISF is as of now one of India's most major paramilitary associations and has more than 1.5 lakh individuals Members individuals. Roles and Responsibilities of CISF Here are Some of the roles and Responsibilites of CISF ... Read More
Introduction Proctor and Gamble need no introduction. It is the most recognised marketer of consumer packaged goods. The growth of the company and its accolades are overwhelming. It has more than 1 million employees all over the globe. It is the market leader in more than 22 different product categories. In all the categories, it gives cutthroat competition to all its market rivals. It has more than 23 billion global brands. On average, it spends more than $5 million a day on research and development and has total sales of more than $76 billion a year. Now let’s elaborate ... Read More
Introduction Marketers should keep the price factor in mind when a product is part of the product mix. They should continuously modify the price-setting criteria so that they can remain competitive in the market. Product mix pricing is the process of setting the price that maximizes the profit on the total mix. Pricing is difficult because different products have different demand and cost relationships, and are open to varied degrees of competitiveness. Now there are different situations for product mix pricing. Let's discuss them one by one − Product Line Pricing So in this pricing model, companies generally develop ... Read More
Introduction Marketing is all about encountering the different needs of consumers and society and doing all sorts of activities to meet those needs. It is delivering value to consumers through different communication channels to maintain a strong relationship with them and foster profitability for the organization and its stakeholders. It is also defined as a social process by which different people and groups of people get what they need and want by offering different valuable products and services. Marketing people generally market 10 types of entities. Let's discuss each one of them − Goods The physical goods available in ... Read More
Introduction Marketing depends on several micro- and macro- environmental factors. The market of today is different from what it used to be. Decades ago, it was easy to judge the market, but now it's not an easy task. Nowadays, the marketplace is radically different because of several factors that are somehow interlinked with each other. These factors have created a lot of challenges for marketers, but at the same time, they have also created a lot of opportunities. Let's study each one of them in detail − Network Information Technology The growth of digital technology has created a new ... Read More
Introduction Let's first define what brand elements are. So brand elements are the elements that give a trademark to a particular product. It makes the brand distinguishable from the rest of the lines of the same product in the market. Every customer can identify that particular product from the rest. So brand elements are the features of the product that identify and differentiate the brand. For example, Nike has a different swoosh logo with the encouraging just do it slogan, and the name is chosen because it is taken from the name of the winged goddess of victory. Marketers ... Read More