Number Data Type in Python

Number data types store numeric values. Number objects are created when you assign a value to them. For example −

var1 = 1
var2 = 10
print(var1, var2)

1 10

You can also delete the reference to a number object by using the del statement. The syntax of the del statement is −

del var1[,var2[,var3[....,varN]]]]

You can delete a single object or multiple objects by using the del statement. For example −

number1 = 42
number2 = 3.14

# Delete single object
del number1

# Delete multiple objects  
del number2
print("Objects deleted successfully")

Objects deleted successfully

Python Number Types

Python supports three different numerical types (Note: long type was merged with int in Python 3) −

• int (signed integers)
• float (floating point real values)
• complex (complex numbers)

Examples of Number Types

Working with Different Number Types

# Integer examples
integer_num = 42
hex_num = 0x2A  # Hexadecimal (42 in decimal)
octal_num = 0o52  # Octal (42 in decimal)

print(f"Integer: {integer_num}")
print(f"Hexadecimal 0x2A: {hex_num}")
print(f"Octal 0o52: {octal_num}")

# Float examples
float_num = 3.14
scientific_notation = 1.5e-3

print(f"Float: {float_num}")
print(f"Scientific notation: {scientific_notation}")

# Complex number examples
complex_num1 = 3 + 4j
complex_num2 = 2.5j

print(f"Complex number 1: {complex_num1}")
print(f"Complex number 2: {complex_num2}")

Integer: 42
Hexadecimal 0x2A: 42
Octal 0o52: 42
Float: 3.14
Scientific notation: 0.0015
Complex number 1: (3+4j)
Complex number 2: 2.5j

Key Points

• In Python 3, there's no separate long type − integers can be of arbitrary size
• Use 0x prefix for hexadecimal numbers and 0o prefix for octal numbers
• A complex number consists of an ordered pair of real floating-point numbers denoted by x + yj, where x and y are real numbers and j is the imaginary unit
• Python automatically handles type conversion between different number types when needed

Conclusion

Python supports three main number types: int, float, and complex. Understanding these types is fundamental for numeric operations and calculations in Python programs.