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What is strcmp() Function in C language?
The C library function int strcmp(const char *str1, const char *str2) compares the string pointed to, by str1 to the string pointed to by str2.
An array of characters is called a string.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for an array −
char stringname [size];
For example − char string[50]; string of length 50 characters
Initialization
- Using single character constant −
char string[10] = { ‘H’, ‘e’, ‘l’, ‘l’, ‘o’ ,‘\0’}- Using string constants −
char string[10] = "Hello":;
Accessing − There is a control string "%s" used for accessing the string till it encounters ‘\0’.
The strcmp() function
This function compares two strings.
It returns the ASCII difference of the first two non – matching characters in both the strings.
String comparison
The syntax is as follows −
int strcmp (string1, string2);
If the difference is equal to zero ------ string1 = string2
If the difference is positive ------- string1> string2
If the difference is negative ------- string1 <string2
Example Program
The following program shows the usage of strcmp() function −
#include<stdio.h>
main ( ){
char a[50], b [50];
int d;
printf ("enter 2 strings:
");
scanf ("%s %s", a,b);
d = strcmp (a,b);
if (d==0)
printf("%s is equal to %s", a,b);
else if (d>0)
printf("%s is greater than %s",a,b);
else if (d<0)
printf("%s is less than %s", a,b);
}Output
When the above program is executed, it produces the following result −
enter 2 strings: bhanu priya bhanu is less than priya
Let’s see another example on strcmp().
Given below is the C program to compare two strings using strcmp library function −
Example
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main(){
//Declaring two strings//
char string1[25],string2[25];
int value;
//Reading string 1 and String 2//
printf("Enter String 1: ");
gets(string1);
printf("Enter String 2: ");
gets(string2);
//Comparing using library function//
value = strcmp(string1,string2);
//If conditions//
if(value==0){
printf("%s is same as %s",string1,string2);
}
else if(value>0){
printf("%s is greater than %s",string1,string2);
}
else{
printf("%s is less than %s",string1,string2);
}
}Output
When the above program is executed, it produces the following result −
Enter String 1: Tutorials Enter String 2: Point Tutorials is greater than Point
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