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GATE Section-XE-E Thermodynamics Syllabus
Course Syllabus
Unit 1: Basic Concepts
Continuum and macroscopic approach
Thermodynamic systems (closed and open)
Thermodynamic properties and equilibrium
State of a system, state postulate for simple compressible substances, state diagrams, paths and processes on state diagrams
Concepts of heat and work, different modes of work
Zeroth law of thermodynamics
Concept of temperature
Unit 2: First Law of Thermodynamics
Concept of energy and various forms of energy
Internal energy, enthalpy
Specific heats
First law applied to elementary processes, closed systems and control volumes, steady and unsteady flow analysis
Unit 3: Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Limitations of the first law of thermodynamics −
- Concepts of heat engines and heat pumps/refrigerators
- Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements and their equivalence
- Reversible and irreversible processes
- Carnot cycle and Carnot principles/theorems
- Thermodynamic temperature scale
- Clausius inequality and concept of entropy
- Microscopic interpretation of entropy −
- The principle of increase of entropy
- T-s diagrams
- Second law analysis of control volume
- Availability and irreversibility
- Third law of thermodynamics
Unit 4: Properties of Pure Substances
Thermodynamic properties of pure substances in solid, liquid and vapor phases
P-vT behaviour of simple compressible substances, phase rule, thermodynamic property tables and charts, ideal and real gases, ideal gas equation of state and van der Waals equation of state
Law of corresponding states, compressibility factor and generalized compressibility chart
Unit 5: Thermodynamic Relations
- T-ds relations
- Helmholtz and Gibbs functions
- Gibbs relations
- Maxwell relations
- Joule-Thomson coefficient
- Coefficient of volume expansion
- Adiabatic and isothermal compressibilities
- Clapeyron and Clapeyron-Clausius equations
Unit 6: Thermodynamic Cycles
- Carnot vapor cycle
- Ideal Rankine cycle
- Rankine reheat cycle
- Air-standard Otto cycle
- Air-standard Diesel cycle
- Air-standard Brayton cycle
- Vapor-compression refrigeration cycle
Unit 7: Ideal Gas Mixtures
Dalton’s and Amagat’s laws, properties of ideal gas mixtures, air-water vapor mixtures and simple thermodynamic processes involving them
Specific and relative humidities, dew point and wet bulb temperature, adiabatic saturation temperature, psychrometric chart
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