Found 123 Articles for Utilisation of Electrical Power

The part of an electric motor that protects the motor from the contaminants in the environment in which it is operating and persons being from touch is called the motor enclosure.The motor enclosures are necessary for the following reasons −It protects the motor against foreign body and severe conditions.It protects the inner parts of the motor.It protects the operating personal from live parts of the motor such as winding terminals, slip rings, brushes, etc.Types of Motor EnclosuresIndian Standards (IS) 4691 have described codes for different types of enclosures. The most common types of electric motor enclosures are given as follows ... Read More

Electric motor drives are the basic assemblies used for the transformation of electrical power into mechanical energy. In simple words, the term "electric motor drive" is used to denote drives driven by electric motors.Types of Motors Used for Electric DrivesFollowing are the different types of motors used for industrial electric drives −DC series motorDC shunt motorCumulative compound DC motorSlip ring induction motorSquirrel cage induction motorDouble squirrel cage induction motorThree phase synchronous motorSingle-phase synchronous motorSingle-phase AC series motorRepulsion motorCapacitor-start induction-run motorCapacitor-start capacitor-run motorNow let's check in detail the applications of each of these motors.DC Shunt MotorDC shunt motor has medium starting ... Read More

Block Diagram of an AC LocomotiveThe following figure shows the block diagram of an AC locomotive.AC Locomotive - Function of Each PartThe working and function of each part of an AC locomotive is described below −The AC power at 25 kV is taken from the overhead conductor wire (called as catenary) through a pantograph and this high voltage supply is fed to a step–down transformer (provided with on load tap changer) installed in the locomotive itself, which converts the high voltage AC supply to low voltage AC supply.This low voltage AC supply obtained from the transformer is then converted into ... Read More

An electrical device which converts light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect is known as photovoltaic cell or PV cell or solar cell. A photovoltaic cell is basically a specially designed p-n junction diode.Construction and Working of Photovoltaic CellThe construction of a photovoltaic cell is shown in the following figure.A photovoltaic cell consists of a base metal plate and it is made of either steel or aluminum over which a metallic selenium layer is situated which is light sensitive and acts as the positive terminal.An electrically conducting layer of cadmium oxide is applied by sputtering over the selenium ... Read More

LED LampAn optoelectronic device which emits light based on the principle of electroluminescence is known as LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp.Electroluminescence is the emission of light due to the interaction of an electric field with a suitable solid. It was noticed in 1962 that a forward biased gallium-arsenide junction was found to be an efficient emitter of radiation.In case of electroluminescent p-n junctions, when biased in the forward direction, some of the energy dissipated is converted into light and hence, these are also called as semi-conductor lamps.Construction of LED LampFor the construction of LED lamps, following semiconductor materials are used ... Read More

An electrochemical process that removes material from a metallic workpiece is known as electropolishing. It is also known as electrochemical polishing or electrolytic polishing.Electro-polishing uses a combination of rectified current and a blended chemical electrolyte bath to remove flaws from the surface of a metal part. Electropolishing is often described as the reverse of electro-plating.Process of ElectropolishingThe schematic arrangement for the electropolishing is shown in the figure.In electro-polishing, the metallic workpiece is immersed in a temperature controlled bath of electrolyte and serves as the anode as it is connected to the positive terminal of a DC power supply.The negative terminal ... Read More

What is Electrodeposition?An electrolytic process by which one metal is deposited over other metal or non-metal is known as electrodeposition.Electrodeposition is widely used for decorative, protective and functional purposes. The process of electrodeposition includes −Electroplating − It is the process of deposition of metal over any metallic or non-metallic surfaces for protecting the metals from corrosion.Electro metallization − It is a process by which a metal can be deposited on a conducting base for decorative or protective purposes.Electro typing − It is a process used to reproduce printing, set up typing and medals, etc.Electro forming − It is a process ... Read More

Electric TractionThe action of pulling something over a surface (especially a road or a track) is known as traction. The action of drawing of vehicles by electric power derived from overhead wires, third rail, storage batteries or diesel generators mounted on the vehicles is known as electric traction. In simple words, the traction system which uses electric power for its operation is known as electric traction.The electric traction system is widely used in electric trains, tramcars, trolley buses and hybrid vehicles, etc.Advantages of Electric TractionThe major advantages of electric traction system over other types of traction (such as steam traction) ... Read More

The combination of an electric motor, energy transmitting shaft and control devices for motion control is known as electric drive. The following figure shows the block diagram of a typical electric drive.Based on their assembly, electric drives can be of the following three types −Individual DriveGroup DriveMulti-motor driveIn this article, let's check the advantages and disadvantages of using an Individual Electric Drive.What is an Individual Electric Drive?When an individual machine is fitted with its own electric motor, then the electric drive is known as individual electric drive. In case of individual electric drive, each operator has complete control on his ... Read More

What is an Electric Drive?The combination of an electric motor, energy transmitting shaft and control device for motion control is known as electric drive. The following figure shows the block diagram of a typical electric drive.Based on their assembly, electric drives can be of the following three types −Individual DriveGroup DriveMulti-motor driveIn this article, let's check where exactly the electric drives are used and what are benefits and drawbacks of using electric drives.Advantages of Electric DriveThe advantages of using electric drives are listed below −Electric drives are environment friendly as they do not produce smoke, fumes, ash, etc. Therefore, electric ... Read More