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Database Articles
Page 130 of 547
How to cast from VARCHAR to INT in MySQL?
To cast VARCHAR to INT, we can use the cast() function from MySQL. Here is the syntax of cast() function. cast(anyValue as dataType) For our example, we will create a table with the help of CREATE command. mysql> create table VarchartointDemo -> ( -> Value varchar(100) -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.51 sec) After creating a table, let us insert some records into the table with the help of INSERT command. The query is as follows − mysql> insert into VarchartointDemo values('123'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.26 sec) ...
Read MoreBest way to test if a row exists in a MySQL table
To test whether a row exists in a MySQL table or not, use exists condition. The exists condition can be used with subquery. It returns true when row exists in the table, otherwise false is returned. True is represented in the form of 1 and false is represented as 0.For better understanding, firstly we will create a table with the help of CREATE command. The following is the query to create a table −mysql> CREATE table ExistsRowDemo -> ( -> ExistId int, -> Name varchar(100) -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.53 sec)After creating the table successfully, we will ...
Read MoreWhat is the purpose of Database Management System?
The Database Management System (DBMS) is defined as a software system that allows the user to define, create and maintain the database and provide control access to the data.It is a collection of programs used for managing data and simultaneously it supports different types of users to create, manage, retrieve, update and store information.PurposeThe purpose of DBMS is to transform the following −Data into information.Information into knowledge.Knowledge to the action.The diagram given below explains the process as to how the transformation of data to information to knowledge to action happens respectively in the DBMS −Previously, the database applications were built ...
Read MoreTypes of dependencies in DBMS
Dependencies in DBMS is a relation between two or more attributes. It has the following types in DBMS −Functional DependencyFully-Functional DependencyTransitive DependencyMultivalued DependencyPartial DependencyLet us start with Functional Dependency −Functional DependencyIf the information stored in a table can uniquely determine another information in the same table, then it is called Functional Dependency. Consider it as an association between two attributes of the same relation.If P functionally determines Q, thenP -> QLet us see an example −EmpIDEmpNameEmpAgeE01Amit28E02Rohit31In the above table, EmpName is functionally dependent on EmpID because EmpName can take only one value for the given value of EmpID:EmpID -> EmpNameThe same is displayed ...
Read MoreHow to select first 10 elements from a MySQL database?
To select first 10 elements from a database using SQL ORDER BY clause with LIMIT 10.The syntax is as followsSELECT *FROM yourTableName ORDER BY yourIdColumnName LIMIT 10;To understand the above syntax, let us create a table. The query to create a table is as followsmysql> create table Clients - > ( - > Client_Id int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, - > ClientName varchar(20) - > ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.51 sec)Insert some records in the table using INSERT command.The query is as followsmysql> insert into Clients(ClientName) values('Larry'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 ...
Read MorePartial Dependency in DBMS
What is Partial Dependency?Partial Dependency occurs when a non-prime attribute is functionally dependent on part of a candidate key.The 2nd Normal Form (2NF) eliminates the Partial Dependency.Let us see an example −ExampleStudentIDProjectNoStudentNameProjectNameS01199KatieGeo LocationS02120OllieCluster ExplorationIn the above table, we have partial dependency; let us see how −The prime key attributes are StudentID and ProjectNo, andStudentID = Unique ID of the studentStudentName = Name of the studentProjectNo = Unique ID of the projectProjectName = Name of the projectAs stated, the non-prime attributes i.e. StudentName and ProjectName should be functionally dependent on part of a candidate key, to be Partial Dependent.The StudentName can be determined by StudentID, which makes the relation ...
Read MoreHow to Convert Epoch Time to Date in SQL?
Introduction The epoch is the date and time relative to which a computer's clock and timestamp values are determined. Epoch time is commonly used in computer systems to represent a point in time. It is typically represented as a single integer value, which represents the number of seconds that have elapsed since the epoch. In SQL, you can convert an epoch time value to a date by using the to_timestamp() function. This function converts an epoch time value (which is typically stored as a BIGINT or INT data type) to a timestamp with time zone value. The resulting timestamp value ...
Read MoreWhat are the components of DBMS?
Hardware, Software, Data, Database Access Language, Procedures and Users all together form the components of a DBMS.Let us discuss the components one by one clearly.HardwareThe hardware is the actual computer system used for keeping and accessing the database. The conventional DBMS hardware consists of secondary storage devices such as hard disks. Databases run on the range of machines from micro computers to mainframes.SoftwareSoftware is the actual DBMS between the physical database and the users of the system. All the requests from the user for accessing the database are handled by DBMS.DataIt is an important component of the database management system. ...
Read MoreHow to select last row in MySQL?
To select the last row, we can use ORDER BY clause with desc (descending) property and Limit 1. Let us first create a table and insert some records with the help of INSERT command. The query is as follows. mysql> create table getLastRecord -> ( -> Id int, -> Name varchar(100) -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.61 sec) After creating the above table, we will insert records with the help of INSERT command. mysql> insert into getLastRecord values(1, 'John'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.13 sec) ...
Read MoreHow to get the datatype of MySQL table columns?
You can get the MySQL table columns data type with the help of "information_schema.columns".The syntax is as follows −SELECT DATA_TYPE from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where table_schema = 'yourDatabaseName' and table_name = 'yourTableName'To understand the above syntax, let us first create a table −mysql> create table DataTypeDemo −> ( −> Id int, −> Address varchar(200), −> Money decimal(10, 4) −> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.60 sec)Apply the above syntax to get the MySQL columns data type. The query is as follows −mysql> select data_type from information_schema.columns where table_schema = 'business' and able_name = 'DataTypeDemo';The following is the output ...
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