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Csharp Articles
Page 165 of 196
Delegation vs Inheritance in C#
In C#, both delegation and inheritance are fundamental concepts that enable code reusability and polymorphism, but they work in fundamentally different ways. Delegation uses composition and method references, while inheritance establishes an "is-a" relationship between classes. Delegation in C# A delegate is a reference type variable that holds references to methods. It enables runtime flexibility by allowing you to change method references dynamically. Delegation follows the composition principle where objects contain references to other objects. Syntax delegate Example using System; public delegate void NotificationHandler(string message); public ...
Read MoreEvents vs Delegates in C#
In C#, both delegates and events provide mechanisms for method invocation, but they serve different purposes and have distinct characteristics. Events are built on top of delegates but provide additional safety and encapsulation features that make them more suitable for notification scenarios. Syntax Following is the syntax for declaring a delegate − public delegate void DelegateName(parameters); Following is the syntax for declaring an event − public delegate void DelegateName(parameters); public event DelegateName EventName; Delegates in C# A delegate is a reference type that holds references to methods with the ...
Read MoreDate Class in C#
The DateTime class in C# is used to work with dates and times. It represents an instant in time, ranging from 12:00:00 midnight, January 1, 0001 to 11:59:59 P.M., December 31, 9999 A.D. The DateTime class provides various methods and properties to create, manipulate, and format date and time values. Syntax Following is the syntax for creating a DateTime object − DateTime variableName = new DateTime(year, month, day); DateTime variableName = new DateTime(year, month, day, hour, minute, second); To get the current date and time − DateTime current = DateTime.Now; ...
Read MoreCounters in C#
Counters in C# are performance counters that allow you to monitor your application's performance metrics in real-time. These counters provide valuable insights into system resources, application behavior, and overall performance characteristics. When building applications — whether web, mobile, or desktop — monitoring performance is crucial for identifying bottlenecks, optimizing resource usage, and ensuring smooth operation under various load conditions. Syntax Following is the syntax for creating a performance counter − PerformanceCounter counter = new PerformanceCounter(categoryName, counterName, instanceName); Following is the syntax for reading counter values − float value = counter.NextValue(); ...
Read MoreDatabase Operations in C#
Database operations in C# are typically performed using ADO.NET, which provides a set of classes to interact with various databases like SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle, and SQLite. The most common approach involves using connection strings, command objects, and data readers to execute SQL operations. Connection String Syntax A connection string contains the information needed to connect to a database − // SQL Server connection string "Data Source=serverName;Initial Catalog=databaseName;Integrated Security=true;" // SQL Server with username/password "Data Source=serverName;Initial Catalog=databaseName;User ID=username;Password=password;" Establishing Database Connection The SqlConnection class is used to establish a connection to SQL ...
Read MoreDecimal Functions in C#
The decimal data type in C# provides built-in methods for performing mathematical operations and comparisons on decimal values. These methods are essential for financial calculations and applications requiring high precision arithmetic. Common Decimal Methods Method Description Add(Decimal, Decimal) Adds two specified Decimal values. Ceiling(Decimal) Returns the smallest integral value that is greater than or equal to the specified decimal number. Compare(Decimal, Decimal) Compares two specified Decimal values. CompareTo(Decimal) Compares this instance to a specified Decimal object and returns a comparison of their relative values. ...
Read MoreCohesion in C#
Cohesion in C# refers to how closely related and focused the responsibilities within a class or module are. It measures the functional strength and unity of a module's elements. High cohesion means that a class has a single, well-defined purpose with all its methods working together toward that purpose. The greater the cohesion, the better the program design becomes. High cohesion leads to more maintainable, reusable, and understandable code, while low cohesion results in classes that are difficult to maintain and test. Types of Cohesion Cohesion can be categorized from lowest to highest quality − ...
Read MoreC# program to replace n-th character from a given index in a string
In C#, you can replace a character at a specific index in a string by converting the string to a character array, modifying the desired character, and then creating a new string from the modified array. Syntax Following is the basic syntax for replacing a character at a specific index − char[] charArray = originalString.ToCharArray(); charArray[index] = newCharacter; string newString = new string(charArray); Using ToCharArray() Method The most straightforward approach is to convert the string to a character array, replace the character at the desired index, and construct a new string − ...
Read MoreCovariance and Contravariance in C#
Covariance and contravariance in C# enable flexible type relationships when working with generics, delegates, and interfaces. Covariance allows you to use a more derived type than originally specified, while contravariance allows you to use a more general type than originally specified. These concepts are essential for understanding how type safety works with generic interfaces and delegates, particularly when dealing with inheritance hierarchies. Class Hierarchy Example Let us consider the following class hierarchy where One is the base class, Two inherits from One, and Three inherits from Two − using System; class One { ...
Read MoreC# program to accept two integers and return the remainder
The remainder operation in C# finds the leftover value after dividing one integer by another. The modulus operator (%) is used to calculate the remainder when the first number is divided by the second number. Syntax Following is the syntax for calculating remainder using the modulus operator − int remainder = dividend % divisor; Where dividend is the number being divided and divisor is the number by which we divide. Using Basic Modulus Operation The simplest way to find the remainder is using the modulus operator directly − using System; ...
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