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C++ Articles
Page 297 of 597
C++ Program to Compute Combinations using Factorials
The following is an example to compute combinations using factorials.Example#include using namespace std; int fact(int n) { if (n == 0 || n == 1) return 1; else return n * fact(n - 1); } int main() { int n, r, result; coutn; coutr; result = fact(n) / (fact(r) * fact(n-r)); cout
Read MoreWrite a power (pow) function using C++
The power function is used to find the power given two numbers that are the base and exponent. The result is the base raised to the power of the exponent.An example that demonstrates this is as follows −Base = 2 Exponent = 5 2^5 = 32 Hence, 2 raised to the power 5 is 32.A program that demonstrates the power function in C++ is given as follows −Example#include using namespace std; int main(){ int x, y, ans = 1; cout > x; cout > y; for(int i=0; i
Read MoreWhy does C++ require a cast for malloc() but C doesn't?
In C language, the void pointers are converted implicitly to the object pointer type. The function malloc() returns void * in C89 standard. In earlier versions of C, malloc() returns char *. In C++ language, by default malloc() returns int value. So, the pointers are converted to object pointers using explicit casting.The following is the syntax of allocating memory in C language.pointer_name = malloc(size);Here, pointer_name − Any name given to the pointer.size − Size of allocated memory in bytes.The following is an example of malloc() in C language.Example#include #include int main() { int n = 4, i, ...
Read MoreWhat is the difference between an int and a long in C++?
intThe datatype int is used to store the integer values. It could be signed or unsigned. The datatype int is of 32-bit or 4 bytes. It requires less memory area than long to store a value. The keyword “int” is used to declare an integer variable.The following is the syntax of int datatype.int variable_name;Here,variable_name − The name of variable given by user.The following is an example of int datatype.Example#include using namespace std; int main() { int a = 8; int b = 10; int c = a+b; cout
Read MoreWhen should you use a class vs a struct in C++?
Structures and classes are very similar in C++ except for some differences. So details about these differences are given below that help to decide when to use a class or structure in C++.Differences between Class and StructureAll the members of a class are private by default. This is different compared to structures as all the members of a structure are public by default.A program that demonstrates a class in C++ is given as follows −Example#include using namespace std; class Example { int val; }; int main() { Example obj; obj.val = 20; return 0; }This ...
Read MorePrivate and Protected Members in C++
A class in C++ has public, private and protected sections which contain the corresponding class members.The private data members cannot be accessed from outside the class. They can only be accessed by class or friend functions. All the class members are private by default.The protected members in a class are similar to private members but they can be accessed by derived classes or child classes while private members cannot.A program that demonstrates private and protected members in a class is given as follows −Example#include using namespace std; class Base { public : int a = 8; ...
Read MoreWhen to use new operator in C++ and when it should not be used?
Use of the new operator signifies a request for the memory allocation on the heap. If the sufficient memory is available, it initializes the memory and returns its address to the pointer variable.The new operator should only be used if the data object should remain in memory until delete is called. Otherwise if the new operator is not used, the object is automatically destroyed when it goes out of scope. In other words, the objects using new are cleaned up manually while other objects are automatically cleaned when they go out of scope.The following is the syntax of new operator.pointer_variable ...
Read MoreHow to return local array from a C++ function?
A local array cannot be directly returned from a C++ function as it may not exist in memory after the function call. A way to resolve this is to use a static array in the function. As the lifetime of the static array is the whole program, it can easily be returned from a C++ function without the above problem.A program that demonstrates this is given as follows.Example#include using namespace std; int *retArray() { static int arr[10]; for(int i = 0; i
Read MoreInitializing array with variable vs a real number in C++
An array is a collection of same type of elements at contiguous memory location. The lowest address in the array corresponds to the first element while highest address corresponds to the last element. The array index starts with zero(0) and ends with the size of array minus one(array size - 1).An array can be initialized with variables as well as real numbers. A program that demonstrates this is given as follows.Example#include using namespace std; int main() { int a = 5; int b = 3; int arr[4]; arr[0] = a; arr[1] = 8; arr[2] = b; arr[3] = 2; cout
Read MoreC++ Program to Multiply two Numbers
Multiplication of two numbers a and b yields their product. Value of a is added as many times as the value of b to get the product of a and b.For example.5 * 4 = 20 7 * 8 = 56 9 * 9 = 81Program to Multiply two Numbers using * OperatorA program to multiply two numbers using the * operator is given as follows −Example#include using namespace std; int main() { int a = 6, b = 8; cout
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