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In this problem, we will find all Lyndon words using the array's alphanumeric characters. Before we start, let’s understand the definition of the Lyndon word. All words are Lyndon words which are strictly lexicographically smaller than all of their rotations. Here are examples of Lyndon words. ab − The ‘ab’ is strictly lexicographically smaller than all of its permutations which is ‘ba’. 89 − The rotations of ‘89’ is ‘98’, which is strictly lexicographically larger than ‘89’. abc − The rotations of ‘abc’ are ‘bca’ and ‘cab’, which are strictly greater than ‘abc’. Here ... Read More
In this problem, we need to achieve the same string by performing the rotations of the string and need to count rotations. There can be different ways to solve the problem, but here we will learn some best approaches in PHP. The first approach uses the rotational substring, and another approach divides the string into two parts from the particular index. Problem statement − We have a string str containing n characters. We have to find the minimum rotations of string we should perform to achieve the same string again. Sample examples Input str = "bcbc"; Output ... Read More
Problem statement − We have given the binary string of length N. We need to find the minimum number of flipping characters required to get the balanced binary string. Flipping characters means converting 0 to 1 and 1 to 0. If any string contains an equal number of ‘01’ and ‘10’ pairs, we can say that string is a balanced binary string. Sample examples Input str = "001010" Output 0 Explanation − The string contains 2 ‘01’ and ‘10’ pairs. So, we don’t need to perform any flipping operations. Input str = ‘00001’ ... Read More
In this problem, we need to ensure whether the string String2 contains string String1 as a substring. We will first see the naïve approach to solving the problem, finding all substrings of String1’s length in String2 with String1. Furthermore, we will use built−in methods like match(), includes(), and indexOf() methods to find the String1 substring in the String2. Problem statement − We have given a string String1 and String2 of different sizes. We need to check whether string String1 is present in string String2 as a substring. Sample examples Input string1 = "tutor"; string2 = "pointtutorial"; Output ... Read More
Inplace editing is a technique that allows us to modify the contents of a file directly, without the need for creating a new file or loading the entire file into memory. It offers a streamlined approach to file manipulation by allowing us to make changes directly to the existing file, making it an efficient and resource-friendly method. To facilitate inplace editing in Python, the fileinput module comes into play. The fileinput module, part of the Python standard library, provides a high-level interface for reading and writing files, streamlining the process of inplace editing. With the fileinput module, we can open ... Read More
Index-based operations play a vital role in manipulating and accessing specific elements or subsets of data within tensors. PyTorch, a popular open-source deep learning framework, provides powerful mechanisms to perform such operations efficiently. By leveraging index-based operations, developers can extract, modify, and rearrange data along various dimensions of a tensor. Tensor Basics PyTorch tensors are multi-dimensional arrays that can hold numerical data of various types, such as floating-point numbers, integers, or Boolean values. Tensors are the fundamental data structure in PyTorch and serve as the building blocks for constructing and manipulating neural networks. To create a tensor in PyTorch, we ... Read More
In object-oriented programming, inheritance allows you to create new classes based on existing ones, providing a way to reuse code and organize your program's structure. Python, being an object-oriented language, supports inheritance and allows you to override methods defined in parent classes in child classes. However, there may be situations where you want to leverage the functionality of a parent class method while extending or modifying it in the child class. Method Overriding in Python Before we learn about calling parent class methods, let's briefly discuss method overriding. Method overriding is a feature in object-oriented programming that allows a ... Read More
In this problem, we need to add spaces before the given indexes in the string. We can use two different approaches to solve the problem. The first approach moves the characters of the given string to add space at a particular index, and the second approach replaces the characters of the pre−initialize string with spaces. Problem statement − We have given string str of length N containing the alphanumeric characters. Also, we have given the spaceList array containing M positive integers representing the string index. We need to app space to the string before each index that exists in the ... Read More
We need to find all palindrome strings from the given array in this problem. The string is a palindrome if we can read it the same from the start and end. We can use two approaches to check whether the string is a palindrome. In the first approach, we reverse the string and compare it with the original string, and in the second approach, we keep comparing the string characters from start to last. Problem statement − We have given an array containing the N strings. We need to print all the strings of the array, which are palindrome. If ... Read More
When working with file systems and directories in Python, it's often useful to be able to identify and handle empty directories. Empty directories can accumulate over time, taking up unnecessary space or cluttering the directory structure. Being able to programmatically find and handle these empty directories can help streamline file system operations and improve overall organization. In this tutorial, we will explore different methods to obtain a list of all empty directories using Python. We will cover two approaches: the first using the os.walk() function, and the second utilizing the os.scandir() function. Both methods are efficient and provide different benefits ... Read More