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OS Process Scheduling Q & A #1
Question: What is a process scheduler? State the characteristics of a good process scheduler?
What is scheduling? What criteria affect the scheduler's performance?
Answer: Scheduling can be defined as a set of policies and mechanisms which controls the order in which the work to be done is completed. The scheduling program which is a system software concerned with scheduling is called the scheduler and the algorithm it uses is called the scheduling algorithm.
Various criteria or characteristics that help in designing a good scheduling algorithm are:
CPU Utilization − A scheduling algorithm should be designed so that CPU remains busy as possible. It should make efficient use of CPU.
Throughput − Throughput is the amount of work completed in a unit of time. In other words throughput is the processes executed to number of jobs completed in a unit of time. The scheduling algorithm must look to maximize the number of jobs processed per time unit.
Response time − Response time is the time taken to start responding to the request. A scheduler must aim to minimize response time for interactive users.
Turnaround time − Turnaround time refers to the time between the moment of submission of a job/ process and the time of its completion. Thus how long it takes to execute a process is also an important factor.
Waiting time − It is the time a job waits for resource allocation when several jobs are competing in multiprogramming system. The aim is to minimize the waiting time.
Fairness − A good scheduler should make sure that each process gets its fair share of the CPU.
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