What are the different types of Solutions?

Introduction

Types of solutions are varied with the variation of the dissolved substances as well as combination with solvent. It results in blending a solid or a liquid compound within another solid or liquid or gas. Solutions refer to a part of daily life because these exist in each common thing used in daily life. A solution is a mixture where two or more elements are mixed together to form a solution.

What are the Solutions?

The matter is mainly classified into different categories like, elements, compounds, as well as mixtures while a solution is the only classification comes under the mixture. Based on the nature of the component in the solution is classified into two different types such as, homogeneous and heterogeneous. The mixture of homogenous is called solution while the mixture has the components in the same state.

Components of a Solution

The components of the solution are referred to as the substances are commonly seen in the solution. Water and sugar are called components of the sugar solution. The components of a solution are solvent and solute.

Figure 1: Components of a solution

Solvent

It refers to a principal component of the solution and it is abundant where all the substances are generally dissolved. These elements are called a medium of the solution because it connects all the substances into it. The solution of sugar is a solution where water is called the solvent as sugar is dissolved completely into it.

Solute

This type of substance is dissolved within the solvent for making a solution. The solution of sugar is a solution where sugar is called solute because it is dissolved into water.

Characteristics of Solutions

Some specific characteristics are seen in all types of solutions are mentioned below −

• Solution refers to a mixture of homogeneity of two or several substances.

• After the formation of a solution, the solute is not completely separated from the solution by a filtration procedure.

• A solution is mostly seen in a stable condition and it mainly consists of a single phase.

Types of Solutions

Based on the consumption of water as solvent for preparation of solution is classified into two different categories are aqueous and non-aqueous. The solution types are as follows −

Aqueous

Aqueous is a solution in which all states of solute particles are fully dissolved in this solution where water plays the role of solvent.

Non-aqueous

This type of solution is totally opposite to the previous solution and in this solution the solute components are soluble in no-aqueous solvent. The non-aqueous solvent is petrol, ether, as well as benzene. The solution of sulphur in carbon disulphide is the perfect example of it.

Based on the solute amount, the solution can be categorized into three different types.

Figure 2: Saturated solution

Saturated

This solution is called saturated because any component further cannot be added to this solution. The solution reaches at its highest limit of consumption at a certain temperature. The solvent of this solution is not able to dissolve any other solute into it.

Unsaturated

It is a type of solution where the solvent is able to dissolve more solute into it. This type of solution is mostly taken for the experiment as some amount of solute can be added to the solvent for proceeding with the reaction.

Supersaturated

It is a type of solution where the substances or solutes dissolve in the solvent in an excessive amount. The solute is mixed here forcefully sometimes the temperature is raised to mix the solute. The excess components of this solution are found later in catalyst form by the crystallization procedure.

Based on the solvent amount solution is classified into two different types. The typesof solutions are as follows −

• Concentrated: A great concentration of solute is dissolved in solution for making it concentrated.

• Dilute: It refers to a solution that has a little concentration of solute within a great amount of solvent.

Based on the quantity of concentration of compounds or solutes the solution is classified into three categories. The types of solution are as follows −

Figure 3: Different types of solutions based on the concentration

• Hypertonic: It refers to a certain type of solution where the concentration of the elements is generally higher compared to the cell. This is the reason; water is extracted from the cell to make the cell shrink.

• Hypotonic: This solution is a type of solution where the solute concentration is lower than the cell. This is the reason for entering water into the cell and it caused swelling or burst situation.

• Isotonic: This type of solution has a similar type of concentration that generally moves around the cell in all directions.

Conclusion

The elements in the solution can or cannot change their properties totally depends on the solution along with the reactant. A light beam is not allowed for passing through this solution at all. The particles of the solute as well as the solvent cannot be seen through the naked eye. Heterogeneous refers to a mixture that is not relied upon by a single composition. A solution refers to a mixture where several components are mixed.

FAQs

Q1. What are the different forms of solutions?

Ans. The solution is classified into three different categories based on its consistency. Those are solid, liquid as well as gas in form.

Q2. What are the types of solid solutions?

Ans. Two kinds of solid solutions are generally seen such as substitution and interstitial. This classification is mainly created based on the consumption of solute in the solvent.

Q3. What is called a true solution?

Ans. A true solution refers to a homogeneous mixture of several elements that are dissolved in the solvent. In this solution, the particle size is not more than 1nm.