The substance X normally exists in a physical state which can flow easily but does not fill its vessel completely. It also turns anhydrous copper sulphate blue. When substance X is cooled excessively, it changes into a substance Y which has a fixed shape as well as a fixed volume. If, however, substance X is heated strongly, it changes into a substance Z which has neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume.(a) Name the substances (i) X (ii) Y and (iii) Z.
(b) What is the process of conversion of X into Y known as?(c) At which temperature X gets converted into Y?(d) What is the process of conversion of X into Z known as?(e) At which temperature X gets converted into Z?
(a) X, Y, and Z are water, ice and steam, respectively.
(b) The process of conversion of X (water) into Y (ice) is known as freezing.
(c) At 0°C X (water) gets converted to Y (ice).
(d) Boiling or vaporization is the process of conversion of X (water) to Z (steam).
(e) At 100°C X (water) gets converted to Z (steam).
Related Articles
- There are three substances X, Y and Z. The substance X does not have a fixed melting point or boiling point and it still shows the inpidual properties of its constituents. The substance Y is a pure substance which occurs in nature as such. The substance Y has a fixed melting point and boiling point but it cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any chemical means. The substance Z is also a pure substance whose properties are entirely different from those of its constituents. The substance Z can however, be divided by electrolysis into two substances which belong to the same class of substances as Y.(a) What type of substance could X be? Name one substance like X.(b) What type of substance could Y be? Name one substance like Y.(c) What type of substance could Z be? Name one substance like Z.(d) Which process involves absorption or release of an appreciable amount of energy : formation of substance X or formation of substance Z?(e) Name the three groups into which all the substances like Y are divided on the basis of their properties.
- When water is heated to a temperature x, it gets converted into steam at temperature x by a process called R. And when steam at temperature x is cooled, it gets reconverted into water at the same temperature x by a process called S.(a) How much is the value of x in Kelvin?(b) What is the process R called?(c) What is the name of the energy absorbed during the process R?(d) What is process S known as?(e) What is the name of energy released during the process S known as?
- When water is cooled to a temperature x, it gets converted into ice at temperature x by a process called P. And when ice at temperature x is warmed, it gets reconverted into water at the same temperature x in a process called Q.(a) What is the value of temperature x in Kelvin?(b) What is the process P known as?(c) What is the name of energy released during process P?(d) What is the process Q known as?(e) What is the name of energy absorbed during process Q?
- There are four substances W, X, Y, and Z. The substance W is a dark violet solid having diatomic molecules. A solution of W in alcohol is used as a common antiseptic C. The substance X is a white solid which is usually recovered from seawater on a large scale. The substance Y is a white solid which is insoluble in water and used in the form of small balls for the safe storage of woolen clothes. The substance Z is yet another white solid which is used in making commonly used dry cells.(a) Name (i) W (ii) X (iii) Y and (iv) Z.(b) Out of W, X, Y, and Z, which substance/substances can undergo sublimation?(c) Which substance is organic in nature?(d) What is the name of substance C?(e) Which substance belongs to the halogen family?
- A non-metal X exists in two different forms Y and Z. Y is the hardest natural substance, whereas Z is a good conductor of electricity. Identify X, Y and Z.
- A substance has neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume. State whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas.
- Some sugar solution is taken in a test-tube and a little of substance X in powder form is added to it. The mouth of test-tube is closed with a cork and allowed to stand for sometime. On opening the cork, a characteristic smell of substance Y is obtained and a gas Z is also observed to be formed. The gas Z extinguishes a burning matchstick.(a) What could be (i) X, (ii) Y, and (iii) Z ?(b) What is the process of converting sugar into substance Y by the action of X known as ?(c) What type of respiration is exhibited by X in the above process ?
- In \( \Delta X Y Z, X Y=X Z \). A straight line cuts \( X Z \) at \( P, Y Z \) at \( Q \) and \( X Y \) produced at \( R \). If \( Y Q=Y R \) and \( Q P=Q Z \), find the angles of \( \Delta X Y Z \).
- When a lot of dry powder of a substance X is released over a fire, the fire gets extinguished.(a) Name the substance X.(b) How does this substance extinguish the fire?(c) Name another substance which behaves like X.
- The gland X which is located just below the brain in the human head secretes a chemical substance Y which controls the development of bones and muscles in the body of a person. Secretion of too little of substance Y as well as the secretion of too much of substance Y by the gland X leads to abnormal development of the body of a person.(a) Name the gland X.(b) What is the chemical substance Y?(c) What happens if too little of substance Y is secreted?(d) What happens if too much of substance Y is secreted?(e) Name the system of glands in the human body of which gland X is a part.
- A silvery-white metal X taken in the form of ribbon, when ignited, burns in air with a dazzling white flame to form a white powder Y. When water is added to powder Y, it dissolves partially to form another substance Z.(a)What could metal X be? (b) What is powder Y? (c) With which substance metal X combines to form powder Y? (d) What is substance Z? Name one domestic use of substance Z? (e)Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction which takes place when metal X burns in air to form powder Y.
- The scientists now say that there are actually five states of matter A, B, C, D and E. The state A has a fixed volume but no fixed shape. The state B can be compressed very easily by applying pressure and state C has a fixed shape as well as a fixed volume. The state D is a mixture of free electrons and ions whereas state E is named after an Indian scientist and a famous physicist.(a) Name the physical states (i) A (ii) B (iii) C (iv) D, and (v) E(b) Name one substance belonging to state C which can directly change into vapours on heating. What is this process known as?(c) Name one substance which normally belongs to state B but whose solid form changes directly into gaseous state.(d) Name the most common substance belonging to state A.(e) Which state of matter makes the sun and other stars to glow?
- Tincture of iodine is a mixture of two materials X and Y. The material Y has a property that its solid form can be converted directly into vapours on heating by a process called Z.(a) What could X be ?(b) What could Y be ?(c) Name the process Z.(d) Which process would you use to recover both the components X and Y from tincture of iodine ?(e) Which process can be used to recover only components Y from tincture of iodine?
- If \( a^{x}=b^{y}=c^{z} \) and \( b^{2}=a c \), then show that \( y=\frac{2 z x}{z+x} \).
- A non-metal X which is the largest constituent of air combines with hydrogen when heated in the presence of iron as catalyst to form a gas Y. When gas Y is treated with sulphuric acid, it forms a compound Z which is used as a chemical fertilizer.(a) What are X, Y, and Z? (b) To which group of periodic table does X belong? (c) Name the period of periodic table in which X is placed. (d) Which element is placed just before X in the period? (e) Which element is placed just after X in the period?
Kickstart Your Career
Get certified by completing the course
Get Started