The gland X which is located just below the brain in the human head secretes a chemical substance Y which controls the development of bones and muscles in the body of a person. Secretion of too little of substance Y as well as the secretion of too much of substance Y by the gland X leads to abnormal development of the body of a person.(a) Name the gland X.(b) What is the chemical substance Y?(c) What happens if too little of substance Y is secreted?(d) What happens if too much of substance Y is secreted?(e) Name the system of glands in the human body of which gland X is a part.

(a) The gland X is the pituitary gland.

(b) The chemical substance (Y) is human growth hormone.

(c) If too little of substance Y is secreted then the person becomes a dwarf (very short) because growth hormone released by the pituitary gland is responsible for growth and development in humans.

(d) If too much of substance Y is secreted then the person becomes a giant (very tall) because growth hormone released by the pituitary gland is responsible for growth and development in humans.

(e) Gland X (pituitary gland) is a part of the endocrine system.

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Updated on: 24-Mar-2023

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