The gland A is attached to the wind pipe in the human body. The gland A makes and secretes a hormone B which controls the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body. The non-metal element C is necessary for the formation of hormone B. The deficiency of C in the diet can cause a deficiency of hormone B in the body leading to a disease D in which the neck of a person appears to be swollen. People are advised to use salt E in cooking food so as to avoid disease D.(a) Name (i) gland A, and (ii) hormone B.(b) What is the element C?(c) Name one type of food which can provide sufficient C in the diet of a person.(d) Name (i) disease D, and (ii) salt E.

(a) (i) The gland A is the thyroid gland. It is attached to the windpipe in the human body.

     (ii) The hormone B is the thyroxine hormone. It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body.

(b) The element C is iodine. It is essential for the synthesis of thyroxine hormone by the thyroid gland.

(c) Seafood like fish can provide a sufficient amount of element C (iodine) in the diet of a person.

(d) (i) The disease D is goitre. It is the abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck.

     (ii) The salt E is iodised salt. It is suggested to use iodine in food to prevent the disease goitre.

Tutorialspoint

Simply Easy Learning

Updated on: 23-Mar-2023

25 Views

Kickstart Your Career

Get certified by completing the course

Get Started