The following diagram shows a part of the periodic table containing first three periods in which five elements have been represented by the letters a, b, c, d and e (which are not their chemical symbols):
(i) Select the letter which represents an alkali metal.
(ii) Select the letter which represents a noble gas.
(iii) Select the letter which represents a halogen.
(iv) What type of bond is formed between a and e?
(v) What type of bond is formed between d and e?"
(i) The letter 'd' represents an alkali metal as Group 1 elements of the periodic table, except hydrogen, are all alkali metals having 1 valence electron.
(ii) The letter 'c' represents a noble gas as the Group 18 elements are noble gases.
(iii) The letter 'e' represents a halogen as Group 17 elements are known as halogens having 7 valence electrons.
(iv) A covalent bond is formed between 'a' and 'e' as the letter 'a', represents hydrogen which is the only non-metal in group 1. Hence, when a non-metal 'a' forms a compound with another non-metal 'e' by sharing electrons, the covalent bond is formed.
(v) An ionic bond is formed between 'd' and 'e' as metal reacts with a non-metal by the transfer of electrons an ionic bond is formed.
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